tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-55259586348022956622024-03-12T19:03:37.043-04:00SCIENCE SOURCE NEWS SCIENCE SOURCE NEWS: Brought to you by <a href="http://www.sciencesource.com">Science Source Images</a>, your source for stock photography, illustration and video.sciencesourcebloghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01565368098320995948noreply@blogger.comBlogger63125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5525958634802295662.post-59934539406739572452023-09-08T12:08:00.001-04:002023-09-08T12:08:32.156-04:00 Rotifers, Nematodes and Tardigrades Stock Microscopic Photography<p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://www.sciencesource.com/gallery.asp?gallery=rotifers%2C%20nematodes%20and%20tardigrades" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="844" data-original-width="1500" height="360" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-MDneo-46eE4/Yaaiww2-KfI/AAAAAAAADOg/2JRHxTeYTKoK9e7OTvxuJbD9cNp7rE7SgCNcBGAsYHQ/w640-h360/rotifers-SS2729179.jpg" width="640" /></a></div><br /><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: x-small;"> Roti<span style="background-color: #fcfcfc; caret-color: rgb(36, 35, 35); color: #242323; white-space: pre-wrap;">fers (Philodina sp.), Light Micrograph</span></span><p></p><p><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: x-small;"><span style="background-color: #fcfcfc; caret-color: rgb(36, 35, 35); color: #242323; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br /></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: arial;"><span style="background-color: #fcfcfc; caret-color: rgb(36, 35, 35); color: #242323; white-space: pre-wrap;">The</span><span style="caret-color: rgb(36, 35, 35); color: #242323; white-space: pre-wrap;"> bdelloid rotifer, found in freshwater habitats all over the world, is able to withstand extreme cold. According to a recent discovery in northeastern Siberia, these multicellular organisms can be frozen for up to 24,000 years and live to tell the tale!</span></span></p><p style="caret-color: rgb(36, 35, 35); color: #242323; line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0px 0px 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-size-adjust: auto; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-family: arial;">The average life span of us humans, 78 years, is not much compared to other creatures. Some birds live up to 100 years, eels have been recorded at 106, tortoises 150, and Koi fish over 200. The slow moving Greenland shark has been recorded at 512 years. </span></p><p style="caret-color: rgb(36, 35, 35); color: #242323; line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0px 0px 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-size-adjust: auto; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-family: arial;">Still these are just flashes in the pan compared to rotifers. Scientists recently restored rotifers that had been frozen in the Siberian permafrost for over 24,000 years, meaning these creatures were alive during the Late Pleistocene Era - when Wooly Mammoths roamed the earth.</span></p><p style="caret-color: rgb(36, 35, 35); color: #242323; line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0px 0px 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-align: center; text-size-adjust: auto; white-space: pre-wrap;"><a href="https://www.sciencesource.com/gallery.asp?gallery=rotifers%2C%20nematodes%20and%20tardigrades" style="color: #1c9bc7; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration-line: none;"><strong style="overflow-wrap: break-word;"><span style="font-family: arial;">Stock Images and Video of Rotifers and Other Long-lived Animals</span></strong></a></p><p style="caret-color: rgb(36, 35, 35); color: #242323; line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0px 0px 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-size-adjust: auto; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-family: arial;">A rotifer is part of a group of seemingly invincible creatures, such as nematodes and tardigrades. Tardigrades have even been sent to outer space and survived.</span></p><p style="caret-color: rgb(36, 35, 35); color: #242323; line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0px 0px 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-size-adjust: auto; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-family: arial;">Rotifers are a type of microscopic animal that is often found in zooplankton in either freshwater or saltwater. Rev. John Harris, in 1696, was the first to mention these creatures. They are commonly referred to as wheel animals due to the motion of the cilia surrounding their mouths, which looks like a spinning wheel.</span></p><p style="caret-color: rgb(36, 35, 35); color: #242323; line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0px 0px 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-size-adjust: auto; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-family: arial;">Rotifers are filter feeders that eat dead bacteria and other decaying organic matter. When they move around, they compress their bodies into round shapes and extend out into a long thin shape. In terms of size they can range from 50 micrometers to over 2 millimeters. </span></p><p style="caret-color: rgb(36, 35, 35); color: #242323; line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0px 0px 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-size-adjust: auto; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br /></p>sciencesourcebloghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01565368098320995948noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5525958634802295662.post-61600063496042955822021-11-28T09:00:00.014-05:002021-11-28T09:00:00.196-05:00Microscope Photography (SEMS) Make Unique Gifts for the Science Minded<p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://prints.sciencesource.com/collections/sem+microscope" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;" target="_blank"><img alt="Woman uses a Scanning Electron Microscope (left) , a cell heavily infected withARS-CoV-2 virus particles (right)." border="0" data-original-height="703" data-original-width="1500" height="300" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-zHAqhhnT8e4/YZ1VnyzlYCI/AAAAAAAADN8/0hMUetl9SwM2pqgrsgO_Z-N3hCGRMZMLQCNcBGAsYHQ/w640-h300/microscope-gifts.jpg" title="Woman uses a Scanning Electron Microscope (left) , a cell heavily infected withARS-CoV-2 virus particles (right)." width="640" /></a></div><br /><p></p><p class="" data-pm-slice="1 1 []" style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-size-adjust: auto; white-space: pre-wrap;"></p><div style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://prints.sciencesource.com/collections/sem+microscope"><span style="color: #198ec0; font-family: verdana;">Woman uses a Scanning Electron Microscope (left) , </span></a></div><div style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://prints.sciencesource.com/collections/sem+microscope"></a><a href="https://prints.sciencesource.com/collections/sem+microscope"><span style="color: #198ec0; font-family: verdana;">a cell heavily infected withARS-CoV-2 virus particles (right).</span></a></div><p></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"> The entire world has become more familiar with micrographs in the past 18 months, although you may not have realized it. During the pandemic, detailed photographs of the coronavirus appeared in newspapers, television, and everywhere online. They were taken by a particular device called a scanning electron microscope. The images are often referred to as SEMs for short.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;">As the name implies, the microscope uses a particle beam to detect electrons off the surface of specimens, which is then placed in a vacuum to create sharp images. Magnification ranges from 20x to 30,000x, spatial resolution of 50 -100nm.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;">Micrographs allow us to see critical details that may be useful in curing diseases, and they shows us the hidden beauty of everyday objects.</span></p><p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://prints.sciencesource.com/collections/sem+microscope" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;" target="_blank"><img border="0" data-original-height="1079" data-original-width="1440" height="480" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-kY8pm96S-xE/YZ1Vn7MJL6I/AAAAAAAADOM/7zCaWTeVcFEcmkCY2uzQcnsIp-HFgTsLgCPcBGAYYCw/w640-h480/macro-photography.png" width="640" /></a></div><br /><div style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://prints.sciencesource.com/collections/sem+microscope" id="yui_3_17_2_1_1637700410255_5825" style="color: #1c9bc7; display: inline; text-decoration-line: none; text-size-adjust: auto; white-space: pre-wrap;" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana;">A gallery of microscope photographs available as fine art prints in our
Fine Art America shop.</span></a></div><p></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;">A fine art print, a fun t-shirt, mug, or jigsaw puzzle of a micrograph will make a bold impression on anyone. Resembling abstract art, they’re great for people in the sciences, medicine, research, or just someone who enjoys nature. Discover what micrograph gifts you can make!</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;">Peruse these fascinating images at our <a href="https://prints.sciencesource.com/collections/sem+microscope" target="_blank"><span style="color: #159abf;">Fine Art America shop </span></a>to start creating amazing micrograph gifts!</span></p><p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://prints.sciencesource.com/collections/sem+microscope" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;" target="_blank"><img border="0" data-original-height="562" data-original-width="680" height="528" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-Xqdw6UBLtqQ/YZ1Vn3O5JBI/AAAAAAAADOM/tXVnzpAaon8nVbPnbxOOloJONDDUtESIACPcBGAYYCw/w640-h528/science-art-prints.png" width="640" /></a></div><br /><div style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://prints.sciencesource.com/collections/sem+microscope" style="display: inline; outline: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; text-size-adjust: auto; white-space: pre-wrap;" target="_blank"><span style="color: #23a7cc; font-family: verdana;">Wall art of a seed form the Colombian rainforest SEM photo.</span></a></div><p></p>sciencesourcebloghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01565368098320995948noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5525958634802295662.post-66140723085036795042021-02-04T09:00:00.002-05:002022-02-25T17:50:15.182-05:00The Real Pocahontas<p> </p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://prints.sciencesource.com/collections/native+american+culture" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;" target="_blank"><img alt="pocahontas" border="0" data-original-height="628" data-original-width="1200" height="334" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-8U_t6rJxf70/YBm2Pf103bI/AAAAAAAADJw/edWjYaiKCocZE9JbMbpvn4ENLXkdhW3hgCNcBGAsYHQ/w640-h334/history-pocahontas.jpg" title="pocahontas, native americans" width="640" /></a></div><br /><p></p><div class="sqs-block html-block sqs-block-html" data-block-type="2" id="block-128df2caa72b54c51282" style="clear: none; height: auto; padding: 0px 17px 17px; position: relative;"><div class="sqs-block-content" id="yui_3_17_2_1_1612297862919_348" style="outline: none;"><p style="font-family: Lato; font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0px 0px 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word; white-space: pre-wrap;"> Pocahontas has been a legend of American culture for generations – the subject of romantic novels, documentaries, and Disney films. After so much fanfare, it can be difficult to separate the myth from the historic figure. Here, we’ll try to do that.</p><p style="font-family: Lato; font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0px 0px 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word; white-space: pre-wrap;">First of all, her name was not Pocahontas. Born in 1596, her real name was Amonute and sometimes Matoaka. Pocahontas was a nickname, which in Algonquin means “playful one” or “misbehaving child.”</p><p id="yui_3_17_2_1_1612297862919_347" style="font-family: Lato; font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0px 0px 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word; white-space: pre-wrap;">Legend says Pocahontas fell in love with John Smith, an English settler at Jonestown who was captured by chief Powhatan her father. The two shared a secret love affair that they had to keep hidden from the Algonquins.</p><p style="font-family: Lato; font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0px 0px 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word; white-space: pre-wrap;">In actuality, there was probably little romance between the two. Pocahontas was twelve when she met John Smith and their only recorded interaction was a time when she helped Smith learn portions of the Algonquin language during his captivity.</p><h2 style="color: #222222; font-family: futura-pt; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: 2.01px; line-height: 1.2em; margin: 1em 0px 0.5em; text-align: center; white-space: pre-wrap;"><a href="https://www.sciencesource.com/Share/m776ug5d80wqp7lih5vjcllw484ck7ss" style="color: #1c9bc7; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration-line: none;"><strong style="overflow-wrap: break-word;">Stock Photo Gallery of Native Americans</strong></a></h2><p style="font-family: Lato; font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0px 0px 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word; white-space: pre-wrap;">After his imprisonment, John Smith was sentenced to death. As the tribesmen placed his head on a stone for execution, Pocahontas intervened, pleading with her father to let her lover go.</p><p style="font-family: Lato; font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; white-space: pre-wrap;">In all likelihood, John Smith did not face execution that day. Algonquins often placed people’s heads on stones for religious rituals. It is not unlikely that John Smith was being anointed before his planned release later that day.</p></div></div><div class="sqs-block image-block sqs-block-image sqs-col-5 span-5 float float-right sqs-text-ready" data-block-type="5" id="block-yui_3_17_2_1_1611774853518_27912" style="box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; float: right; height: auto; margin-left: 17px; padding: 17px; position: relative; width: 338.732px; z-index: 10;"><div class="sqs-block-content" id="yui_3_17_2_1_1612297862919_117"><div class="image-block-outer-wrapper layout-caption-below design-layout-inline combination-animation-none individual-animation-none individual-text-animation-none sqs-narrow-width" data-test="image-block-inline-outer-wrapper" id="yui_3_17_2_1_1612297862919_116"><figure class="sqs-block-image-figure intrinsic" id="yui_3_17_2_1_1612297862919_115" style="margin: auto; max-width: 872px;"><a class="sqs-block-image-link" href="https://prints.sciencesource.com/featured/2-native-american-indian-buffalo-hunting-photo-researchers.html" id="yui_3_17_2_1_1612297862919_114" style="color: #1c9bc7; display: block; text-decoration-line: none;"><div class="image-block-wrapper has-aspect-ratio" data-animation-role="image" id="yui_3_17_2_1_1612297862919_113" style="line-height: 0; overflow: hidden; padding-bottom: 370.46px; position: relative; text-align: center;"><img alt="Native American mug and more!" class="thumb-image loaded" data-image-dimensions="872x1060" data-image-focal-point="0.5,0.5" data-image-id="6011bc1b22c91267511ba4a7" data-image-resolution="750w" data-image="https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/53a9e846e4b0e253a509f7ef/1611775005901-K1KUNZTYJV4E08HIDZHO/ke17ZwdGBToddI8pDm48kKesuZtgo6OevWydAsFdLroUqsxRUqqbr1mOJYKfIPR7LoDQ9mXPOjoJoqy81S2I8PaoYXhp6HxIwZIk7-Mi3Tsic-L2IOPH3Dwrhl-Ne3Z2CxK6N534IZQ8qo2S8e9-_ElVzzgPOYS7JkFt2_8y47gKMshLAGzx4R3EDFOm1kBS/Screen+Shot+2021-01-27+at+2.16.22+PM.png" data-load="false" data-src="https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/53a9e846e4b0e253a509f7ef/1611775005901-K1KUNZTYJV4E08HIDZHO/ke17ZwdGBToddI8pDm48kKesuZtgo6OevWydAsFdLroUqsxRUqqbr1mOJYKfIPR7LoDQ9mXPOjoJoqy81S2I8PaoYXhp6HxIwZIk7-Mi3Tsic-L2IOPH3Dwrhl-Ne3Z2CxK6N534IZQ8qo2S8e9-_ElVzzgPOYS7JkFt2_8y47gKMshLAGzx4R3EDFOm1kBS/Screen+Shot+2021-01-27+at+2.16.22+PM.png" data-type="image" src="https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/53a9e846e4b0e253a509f7ef/1611775005901-K1KUNZTYJV4E08HIDZHO/ke17ZwdGBToddI8pDm48kKesuZtgo6OevWydAsFdLroUqsxRUqqbr1mOJYKfIPR7LoDQ9mXPOjoJoqy81S2I8PaoYXhp6HxIwZIk7-Mi3Tsic-L2IOPH3Dwrhl-Ne3Z2CxK6N534IZQ8qo2S8e9-_ElVzzgPOYS7JkFt2_8y47gKMshLAGzx4R3EDFOm1kBS/Screen+Shot+2021-01-27+at+2.16.22+PM.png?format=750w" style="border: 0px; display: block; height: 370.46px; left: -0.0999216px; max-width: none; opacity: 1; position: absolute; top: 0px; transition: opacity 0.3s ease-out 0s; vertical-align: middle; width: 304.945px;" /></div></a><figcaption class="image-caption-wrapper" style="padding-top: 18px;"><div class="image-caption"><p style="font-family: Lato; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.68em; margin: 0px 0px 1em; white-space: pre-wrap;">Native American mug and more!</p></div></figcaption></figure></div></div></div><div class="sqs-block html-block sqs-block-html" data-block-type="2" id="block-yui_3_17_2_1_1611774853518_54681" style="clear: none; height: auto; padding: 17px; position: relative;"><div class="sqs-block-content" style="caret-color: rgb(36, 35, 35); color: #242323; font-family: Lato; font-size: 14px; outline: none; text-size-adjust: auto;"><p style="line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0px 0px 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word; white-space: pre-wrap;">Powhatan dispatched of John Smith and Pocahontas saw mournfully to her lovers’ departure – a bittersweet romance that gave her a new appreciation of how two peoples can live in harmony.</p><p style="line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0px 0px 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word; white-space: pre-wrap;">Records show that Pocahontas’ true love was actually John Rolfe, a man she married in 1614 after her own captivity among European colonists following the First Anglo-Powhatan War. Pocahontas converted to Christianity and was baptized with the name “Rebecca.” She lived among Europeans until her death on a ship bound for Virginia in 1617.</p><p style="line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0px 0px 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word; white-space: pre-wrap;">Science Source is a great source of Historic images that illuminate both the facts and legends of the past. Explore more of our images in the links above and for great history prints, mugs, and t-shirts check out our storefront below.</p><h2 style="color: #222222; font-family: futura-pt; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: 2.01px; line-height: 1.2em; margin: 1em 0px 0.5em; white-space: pre-wrap;"><a href="https://prints.sciencesource.com/collections/native+american+culture" style="color: #1c9bc7; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration-line: none;"><strong style="overflow-wrap: break-word;">Native American prints and decor</strong></a><br style="overflow-wrap: break-word; word-wrap: break-word;" /></h2><p style="line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0px 0px 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br style="overflow-wrap: break-word; word-wrap: break-word;" /></p><p></p></div></div>sciencesourcebloghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01565368098320995948noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5525958634802295662.post-13871505673869360332021-02-02T14:36:00.002-05:002021-06-09T13:38:22.797-04:00Blackbeard and Swashbuckling Pirates<p> </p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://www.sciencesource.com/CS.aspx?RH=748&RW=755&SMLS=1&VBID=2OPVHKUQ5WP91&VP3=SearchResult" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;" target="_blank"><img alt="PIrates" border="0" data-original-height="644" data-original-width="1000" height="412" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-Ftn80rrKB44/YAspaagOekI/AAAAAAAADJk/D-gZbx43on4ab0PsSSefk_6FaKacLSvTwCNcBGAsYHQ/w640-h412/piratesSS22238051.jpg" title="Pirates" width="640" /></a></div><br /><p></p><div class="sqs-block html-block sqs-block-html" data-block-type="2" id="block-yui_3_17_2_1_1611183698549_49460" style="box-shadow: none; caret-color: rgb(36, 35, 35); clear: none; color: #242323; font-family: Lato; font-size: 14px; height: auto; outline: none; padding: 0px 17px 17px; position: relative; text-size-adjust: auto;"><div class="sqs-block-content" style="outline: none;"><h3 style="color: #222222; font-family: proxima-nova; font-size: 14px; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: 0.7px; line-height: 1.2em; margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; white-space: pre-wrap;">Piracy is criminal activity, such as robbery, violence, or kidnapping, on the high seas. Yet, we love pirates. </h3><h3 style="color: #222222; font-family: proxima-nova; font-size: 14px; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: 0.7px; line-height: 1.2em; margin: 1em 0px 0.5em; white-space: pre-wrap;">We dress-up like them, make kid's movies about them, and enjoy cartoons about them. </h3><h3 style="color: #222222; font-family: proxima-nova; font-size: 14px; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: 0.7px; line-height: 1.2em; margin: 1em 0px 0.5em; white-space: pre-wrap;">The history of piracy goes back to 1500 BC from the Phoenicians to the present time. </h3><h3 style="color: #222222; font-family: proxima-nova; font-size: 14px; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: 0.7px; line-height: 1.2em; margin: 1em 0px 0.5em; white-space: pre-wrap;">Early Pirates also include the Vikings who raided many coastal towns and cities.</h3><h3 style="color: #222222; font-family: proxima-nova; font-size: 14px; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: 0.7px; line-height: 1.2em; margin: 1em 0px 0.5em; white-space: pre-wrap;">When most people are talking about pirates, they refer to the golden age of swashbuckling pirates.</h3><h3 style="color: #222222; font-family: proxima-nova; font-size: 14px; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: 0.7px; line-height: 1.2em; margin: 1em 0px 0.5em; white-space: pre-wrap;">In the Caribbean, in the early 17th century, the English took over Tortuga. They invited pirates to attack their enemies, and they did. </h3><h2 style="color: #222222; font-family: futura-pt; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: 2.01px; line-height: 1.2em; margin: 1em 0px 0.5em; text-align: center; white-space: pre-wrap;"><a href="https://www.sciencesource.com/CS.aspx?RH=748&RW=755&SMLS=1&VBID=2OPVHKUQ5WP91&VP3=SearchResult" style="color: #1c9bc7; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration-line: none;"><strong style="overflow-wrap: break-word;">Stock Pictures of Pirates</strong></a></h2><h3 style="color: #222222; font-family: proxima-nova; font-size: 14px; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: 0.7px; line-height: 1.2em; margin: 1em 0px 0px; white-space: pre-wrap;">Well known pirates, also known as privateers, include Edward Teach aka Blackbeard, Barth Roberts, Captain Kidd, Calico Jack Rackham, Captain Samuel Bellamy, Hanry Morgan, and Anne Bonnie.</h3></div></div><div class="sqs-block image-block sqs-block-image sqs-col-6 span-6 float float-right sqs-text-ready" data-block-type="5" id="block-yui_3_17_2_1_1611183698549_63972" style="box-shadow: none; box-sizing: border-box; caret-color: rgb(36, 35, 35); clear: both; color: #242323; float: right; font-family: Lato; font-size: 14px; height: auto; margin-left: 17px; outline: none; padding: 17px; position: relative; text-size-adjust: auto; width: 406.5px; z-index: 10;"><div class="sqs-block-content" id="yui_3_17_2_1_1611344172649_321"><div class="image-block-outer-wrapper layout-caption-below design-layout-inline combination-animation-none individual-animation-none individual-text-animation-none sqs-narrow-width" data-test="image-block-inline-outer-wrapper" id="yui_3_17_2_1_1611344172649_320"><figure class="sqs-block-image-figure intrinsic" id="yui_3_17_2_1_1611344172649_319" style="margin: auto; max-width: 1174px;"><a class="sqs-block-image-link" href="https://prints.sciencesource.com/collections/blackbeard+and+swashbuckling+pirates" id="yui_3_17_2_1_1611344172649_318" style="color: #1c9bc7; display: block; text-decoration-line: none;"><div class="image-block-wrapper has-aspect-ratio" data-animation-role="image" id="yui_3_17_2_1_1611344172649_317" style="line-height: 0; overflow: hidden; padding-bottom: 439.125px; position: relative; text-align: center;"><img alt="VISIT OUR FINE ART AMERICA GIFT SHOP" class="thumb-image loaded" data-image-dimensions="1174x1384" data-image-focal-point="0.5,0.5" data-image-id="6008bbed4f877b1db47836e5" data-image-resolution="750w" data-image="https://static1.squarespace.com/static/53a9e846e4b0e253a509f7ef/t/6008bbed4f877b1db47836e5/1611185188444/" data-load="false" data-src="https://static1.squarespace.com/static/53a9e846e4b0e253a509f7ef/t/6008bbed4f877b1db47836e5/1611185188444/" data-type="image" src="https://static1.squarespace.com/static/53a9e846e4b0e253a509f7ef/t/6008bbed4f877b1db47836e5/1611185188444/?format=750w" style="border: 0px; display: block; height: 439.844px; left: 0px; max-width: none; opacity: 1; position: absolute; top: -0.360409px; transition: opacity 0.3s ease-out 0s; vertical-align: middle; width: 372.5px;" /></div></a><figcaption class="image-caption-wrapper" style="padding-top: 18px;"><div class="image-caption"><p style="font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.68em; margin: 0px 0px 1em; white-space: pre-wrap;"><strong>VISIT OUR FINE ART AMERICA GIFT SHOP</strong></p></div></figcaption></figure></div></div></div><div class="sqs-block html-block sqs-block-html" data-block-type="2" id="block-yui_3_17_2_1_1611183698549_71478" style="box-shadow: none; caret-color: rgb(36, 35, 35); clear: none; color: #242323; font-family: Lato; font-size: 14px; height: auto; outline: none; padding: 17px; position: relative; text-size-adjust: auto;"><div class="sqs-block-content" style="outline: none;"><h3 style="color: #222222; font-family: proxima-nova; font-size: 14px; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: 0.7px; line-height: 1.2em; margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; white-space: pre-wrap;">Many people are not aware that the U.S. Constitution has a provision for the United States to hire privateers. </h3><h3 style="color: #222222; font-family: proxima-nova; font-size: 14px; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: 0.7px; line-height: 1.2em; margin: 1em 0px 0.5em; white-space: pre-wrap;">Vikings raided cities all along the coastlines for hundreds of years but the most popular and well-known pirates are from about 300 years ago. Think Pirates of the Caribbean.</h3><h3 style="color: #222222; font-family: proxima-nova; font-size: 14px; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: 0.7px; line-height: 1.2em; margin: 1em 0px 0.5em; white-space: pre-wrap;">The Spanish encouraged pirates to attack their enemies. These buccaneers grew so rich they took over the island of Tortuga. </h3><h3 style="color: #222222; font-family: proxima-nova; font-size: 14px; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: 0.7px; line-height: 1.2em; margin: 1em 0px 0.5em; white-space: pre-wrap;">This is the time and place that is heralded in motion pictures and children's books. There was a camaraderie or brotherhood amongst pirates.</h3><h3 style="color: #222222; font-family: proxima-nova; font-size: 14px; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: 0.7px; line-height: 1.2em; margin: 1em 0px 0.5em; white-space: pre-wrap;">By the mid 18th century, this had changed, and many pirate ships ran by enslaving their crews.</h3><h3 style="color: #222222; font-family: proxima-nova; font-size: 14px; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: 0.7px; line-height: 1.2em; margin: 1em 0px 0px; white-space: pre-wrap;">To this day, pirates ply the ocean around the world. The romance is gone, though. High powered assault rifles have replaced swords. But, the hunt for treasure and kidnapping remains.</h3></div></div>sciencesourcebloghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01565368098320995948noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5525958634802295662.post-86269805515106657812021-02-01T14:30:00.001-05:002021-02-01T14:30:01.319-05:00Super Earths and Exoplanets<p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://www.sciencesource.com/CS.aspx?AlbumChain=Trending-Subjects%2FSuper-Earths-and-Other-Exoplanets%2F&PackageBrowsingMode=1&RH=1127&RW=1445&VP3=SearchResult" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;" target="_blank"><img alt="Super Earths" border="0" data-original-height="678" data-original-width="1200" height="362" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-6xF4UKErzKs/YAsoeIU33HI/AAAAAAAADJc/hziHEVMOC_cXCSsgSFsweRvXumeNWCa1ACNcBGAsYHQ/w640-h362/super-earth-exoplanet.jpg" title="Super Earths" width="640" /></a></div><br /> <p></p><div class="sqs-block html-block sqs-block-html" data-block-type="2" id="block-yui_3_17_2_1_1610557062662_49043" style="box-shadow: none !important; caret-color: rgb(36, 35, 35); clear: none; color: #242323; font-family: Lato; font-size: 14px; height: auto; outline: none; padding: 0px 17px 17px; position: relative; text-size-adjust: auto;"><div class="sqs-block-content" style="outline: none;"><h3 style="color: #222222; font-family: proxima-nova; font-size: 14px; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: 0.7px; line-height: 1.2em; margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; white-space: pre-wrap;"> we explore further afield from our home planet, we learn there are not only other systems, but many other planets in these systems. There are people who look to these for another earth and for alien life. </h3><h3 style="color: #222222; font-family: proxima-nova; font-size: 14px; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: 0.7px; line-height: 1.2em; margin: 1em 0px 0.5em; white-space: pre-wrap;">Planets outside of our solar system are called exoplanets.</h3><h3 style="color: #222222; font-family: proxima-nova; font-size: 14px; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: 0.7px; line-height: 1.2em; margin: 1em 0px 0.5em; text-align: center; white-space: pre-wrap;"><a href="https://www.sciencesource.com/CS.aspx?AlbumChain=Trending-Subjects%2FSuper-Earths-and-Other-Exoplanets%2F&PackageBrowsingMode=1&RH=1127&RW=1445&VP3=SearchResult" style="color: #1c9bc7; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration-line: none;"><strong style="overflow-wrap: break-word;">Gallery of Stock Pictures of Super-Earths and Exoplanets</strong></a></h3><h3 style="color: #222222; font-family: proxima-nova; font-size: 14px; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: 0.7px; line-height: 1.2em; margin: 1em 0px 0.5em; white-space: pre-wrap;">Just as our solar system has planets of different sizes and types, planets in other systems are varied in size and composition.</h3><h3 style="color: #222222; font-family: proxima-nova; font-size: 14px; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: 0.7px; line-height: 1.2em; margin: 1em 0px 0px; white-space: pre-wrap;">To date, we have found 3,242 systems with planets, many with multiple planets, bringing the number of exoplanets we know of to 4,395.</h3></div></div><div class="sqs-block image-block sqs-block-image sqs-col-6 span-6 float float-right sqs-text-ready" data-block-type="5" id="block-yui_3_17_2_1_1610557062662_99175" style="box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: border-box; caret-color: rgb(36, 35, 35); clear: both; color: #242323; float: right; font-family: Lato; font-size: 14px; height: auto; margin-left: 17px; outline: none; padding: 17px; position: relative; text-size-adjust: auto; width: 406.5px; z-index: 10 !important;"><div class="sqs-block-content" id="yui_3_17_2_1_1611339714859_321"><div class="image-block-outer-wrapper
layout-caption-below
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sqs-narrow-width" data-test="image-block-inline-outer-wrapper" id="yui_3_17_2_1_1611339714859_320"><figure class="
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" id="yui_3_17_2_1_1611339714859_319" style="margin: auto; max-width: 300px;"><a class="
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" href="https://www.redbubble.com/people/ScienceSource/shop?asc=u" id="yui_3_17_2_1_1611339714859_318" style="color: #1c9bc7; display: block; text-decoration-line: none;" target="_blank"><div class="
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has-aspect-ratio
" data-animation-role="image" id="yui_3_17_2_1_1611339714859_317" style="line-height: 0; overflow: hidden; padding-bottom: 469px; position: relative; text-align: center;"><img alt="Fun Gifts and Housewares with Unique Images" class="thumb-image loaded" data-image-dimensions="300x469" data-image-focal-point="0.5,0.5" data-image-id="60003aa052d4a26822e5e20d" data-image-resolution="750w" data-image="https://static1.squarespace.com/static/53a9e846e4b0e253a509f7ef/t/60003aa052d4a26822e5e20d/1610627823657/red-bubble-mc-2.jpg" data-load="false" data-src="https://static1.squarespace.com/static/53a9e846e4b0e253a509f7ef/t/60003aa052d4a26822e5e20d/1610627823657/red-bubble-mc-2.jpg" data-type="image" src="https://static1.squarespace.com/static/53a9e846e4b0e253a509f7ef/t/60003aa052d4a26822e5e20d/1610627823657/red-bubble-mc-2.jpg?format=750w" style="border: 0px; display: block; height: 469px; left: 0px; max-width: none; opacity: 1; position: absolute; top: 0px; transition: opacity 0.3s ease-out; vertical-align: middle; width: 300px;" /></div></a><figcaption class="image-caption-wrapper" style="padding-top: 18px;"><div class="image-caption"><p class="" style="font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.68em; margin: 0px 0px 1em; white-space: pre-wrap;"><a href="https://www.redbubble.com/people/ScienceSource/shop?asc=u" style="color: #1c9bc7; display: inline; text-decoration-line: none;" target="_blank">Fun Gifts and Housewares with Unique Images</a></p></div></figcaption></figure></div></div></div><div class="sqs-block html-block sqs-block-html" data-block-type="2" id="block-yui_3_17_2_1_1610627844655_6272" style="box-shadow: none !important; caret-color: rgb(36, 35, 35); clear: none; color: #242323; font-family: Lato; font-size: 14px; height: auto; outline: none; padding: 17px; position: relative; text-size-adjust: auto;"><div class="sqs-block-content" style="outline: none;"><h3 style="color: #222222; font-family: proxima-nova; font-size: 14px; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: 0.7px; line-height: 1.2em; margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; white-space: pre-wrap;">Planets are categorized by their mass. Any planet with a mass larger than earth without being 14 times higher in mass is considered a super-earth. </h3><h3 style="color: #222222; font-family: proxima-nova; font-size: 14px; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: 0.7px; line-height: 1.2em; margin: 1em 0px 0.5em; white-space: pre-wrap;">The designation doesn't speak to its composition or whether it would be a friendly place for us humans to live. It only tells us the comparative mass of an exoplanet.</h3><h3 style="color: #222222; font-family: proxima-nova; font-size: 14px; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: 0.7px; line-height: 1.2em; margin: 1em 0px 0.5em; white-space: pre-wrap;">Recently, NASA discovered a new super-planet naming it TOI-561b.</h3><h3 style="color: #222222; font-family: proxima-nova; font-size: 14px; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: 0.7px; line-height: 1.2em; margin: 1em 0px 0.5em; white-space: pre-wrap;">TOI-561b travels around its sun twice as fast as we travel around ours. So it experiences two days in the time we experience one.</h3><h3 style="color: #222222; font-family: proxima-nova; font-size: 14px; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: 0.7px; line-height: 1.2em; margin: 1em 0px 0.5em; white-space: pre-wrap;">Life is unlikely to exist there as the temperature on it is 3,140 degrees Fahrenheit.</h3><h3 style="color: #222222; font-family: proxima-nova; font-size: 14px; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: 0.7px; line-height: 1.2em; margin: 1em 0px 0px; white-space: pre-wrap;">Yet, it is exciting to keep discovering more and more systems and planets. Perhaps, one day, we'll find one more compatible with life on our earth,</h3></div></div>sciencesourcebloghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01565368098320995948noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5525958634802295662.post-9365902435147368082021-01-28T11:05:00.002-05:002022-02-25T17:48:56.216-05:00The Importance of Protein Folding<p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://www.sciencesource.com/Share/wt7180l2bj16st2ie6b078i2ma36752s" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;" target="_blank"><img border="0" data-original-height="675" data-original-width="1200" height="360" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-0poreke2kL0/YAr4AYwdVEI/AAAAAAAADJQ/qZYCmiDruk893G6IDtLpML8WVnXkK2zHQCNcBGAsYHQ/w640-h360/protein-folding-SS22511264.jpg" width="640" /></a></div><br /> <p></p><article class="hentry promoted promoted-block-image author-monica-schroeder post-type-text sqs-frontend-overlay-editor-widget-host" data-item-id="5fde14417514fb3b763a88b6" id="article-5fde14417514fb3b763a88b6" style="margin-bottom: 28px;"><div class="body entry-content" id="yui_3_17_2_1_1611339442407_325" style="margin: 1em 0px;"><div class="sqs-layout sqs-grid-12 columns-12" data-layout-label="Post Body" data-type="item" data-updated-on="1608389719500" id="item-5fde14417514fb3b763a88b6"><div class="row sqs-row" id="yui_3_17_2_1_1611339442407_324" style="margin-left: -17px; margin-right: -17px; position: relative; width: auto;"><div class="col sqs-col-12 span-12" id="yui_3_17_2_1_1611339442407_323" style="float: left; padding-right: 0px; width: 813px;"><div class="sqs-block html-block sqs-block-html" data-block-type="2" id="block-e85b3e53dd2a0ca12bba" style="box-shadow: none; clear: none; height: auto; outline: none; padding: 0px 17px 17px; position: relative;"><div class="sqs-block-content" style="outline: none;"><h3 style="color: #222222; font-family: proxima-nova; font-size: 14px; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: 0.7px; line-height: 1.2em; margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; white-space: pre-wrap;"> human body uses protein in innumerable ways. They are the building blocks of your body, and it's many functions. Your cells are continually manufacturing proteins; while you sleep, walk or even now as you read this blog.</h3><h3 style="color: #222222; font-family: proxima-nova; font-size: 14px; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: 0.7px; line-height: 1.2em; margin: 1em 0px 0.5em; white-space: pre-wrap;">Proteins make up cellular channels, are structural, act as enzymes, and are part of your immune system. These proteins are formed as strings and can be very long. Folding proteins - just as folding laundry - give them organization, condenses their size, but unlike you laundry it also provides function.</h3><h2 style="color: #222222; font-family: futura-pt; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: 2.01px; line-height: 1.2em; margin: 1em 0px 0px; text-align: center; white-space: pre-wrap;"><a href="https://www.sciencesource.com/Share/uwh5r73c4635f56w3550st740o4154c3" style="color: #1c9bc7; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration-line: none;"><strong style="overflow-wrap: break-word;">Gallery of Human Proteins and Protein Folding</strong></a></h2></div></div><div class="sqs-block image-block sqs-block-image sqs-col-6 span-6 float float-right sqs-text-ready" data-block-type="5" id="block-yui_3_17_2_1_1611336917697_24357" style="box-shadow: none; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; float: right; height: auto; margin-left: 17px; outline: none; padding: 17px; position: relative; width: 406.5px; z-index: 10;"><div class="sqs-block-content" id="yui_3_17_2_1_1611339442407_322"><div class="image-block-outer-wrapper layout-caption-below design-layout-inline combination-animation-none individual-animation-none individual-text-animation-none sqs-narrow-width" data-test="image-block-inline-outer-wrapper" id="yui_3_17_2_1_1611339442407_321"><figure class="sqs-block-image-figure intrinsic" id="yui_3_17_2_1_1611339442407_320" style="margin: auto; max-width: 1302px;"><a class="sqs-block-image-link" href="https://prints.sciencesource.com/art/protein+molecule" id="yui_3_17_2_1_1611339442407_319" style="color: #1c9bc7; display: block; text-decoration-line: none;" target="_blank"><div class="image-block-wrapper has-aspect-ratio" data-animation-role="image" id="yui_3_17_2_1_1611339442407_318" style="line-height: 0; overflow: hidden; padding-bottom: 406.25px; position: relative; text-align: center;"><img alt="SCIENCE NERD GIFTS ON FINE ART AMERICA" class="thumb-image loaded" data-image-dimensions="1302x1420" data-image-focal-point="0.5,0.5" data-image-id="600b165bfabbcd27dca27877" data-image-resolution="500w" data-image="https://static1.squarespace.com/static/53a9e846e4b0e253a509f7ef/t/600b165bfabbcd27dca27877/1611339423327/" data-load="false" data-src="https://static1.squarespace.com/static/53a9e846e4b0e253a509f7ef/t/600b165bfabbcd27dca27877/1611339423327/" data-type="image" src="https://static1.squarespace.com/static/53a9e846e4b0e253a509f7ef/t/600b165bfabbcd27dca27877/1611339423327/?format=500w" style="border: 0px; display: block; height: 406.953px; left: 0px; max-width: none; opacity: 1; position: absolute; top: -0.358245px; transition: opacity 0.3s ease-out 0s; vertical-align: middle; width: 372.5px;" /></div></a><figcaption class="image-caption-wrapper" style="padding-top: 18px;"><div class="image-caption"><p style="font-family: Lato; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.68em; margin: 0px 0px 1em; white-space: pre-wrap;"><a href="https://prints.sciencesource.com/art/protein+molecule" style="color: #1c9bc7; display: inline; text-decoration-line: none;"><strong>SCIENCE NERD GIFTS ON FINE ART AMERICA</strong></a></p></div></figcaption></figure></div></div></div><div class="sqs-block html-block sqs-block-html" data-block-type="2" id="block-yui_3_17_2_1_1611336917697_31283" style="box-shadow: none; clear: none; height: auto; outline: none; padding: 17px; position: relative;"><div class="sqs-block-content" style="outline: none;"><h3 style="color: #222222; font-family: proxima-nova; font-size: 14px; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: 0.7px; line-height: 1.2em; margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; white-space: pre-wrap;">The human body is made up of cells, and inside these cells are millions of tiny machines made up of folded proteins. These are found in every single living thing. </h3><h3 style="color: #222222; font-family: proxima-nova; font-size: 14px; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: 0.7px; line-height: 1.2em; margin: 1em 0px 0.5em; white-space: pre-wrap;">These proteins are folded into a specific shape to allow them to function.</h3><h3 style="color: #222222; font-family: proxima-nova; font-size: 14px; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: 0.7px; line-height: 1.2em; margin: 1em 0px 0.5em; white-space: pre-wrap;">If you unfold one, you'll find a string of amino acids - like beads on a necklace. These long strings of amino acids only function once they have folded into a specific shape. If the shape is slightly off, the protein will not function.</h3><h3 style="color: #222222; font-family: proxima-nova; font-size: 14px; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: 0.7px; line-height: 1.2em; margin: 1em 0px 0.5em; white-space: pre-wrap;">Once scientists understand how proteins fold, they will be able to develop methods to cure and prevent innumerable diseases.</h3><h3 style="color: #222222; font-family: proxima-nova; font-size: 14px; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: 0.7px; line-height: 1.2em; margin: 1em 0px 0.5em; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br style="overflow-wrap: break-word; word-wrap: break-word;" /></h3><p style="font-family: Lato; font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0px 0px 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br style="overflow-wrap: break-word; word-wrap: break-word;" /></p></div></div></div></div></div></div><footer><div class="meta" style="color: #484747;"><div class="second meta-row" style="margin: 1em 0px;"><br /></div></div></footer></article>sciencesourcebloghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01565368098320995948noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5525958634802295662.post-10239900059740895632021-01-27T14:10:00.009-05:002022-02-25T17:48:42.801-05:00Types of Vaccines: Whole Pathogen, Subunit and Nucleic Acid (mRNA & DNA)<p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://www.sciencesource.com/Share/46i4h324g45h2038ha751g0248g5d3y1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: georgia;"><img alt="messenger RNA" border="0" data-original-height="835" data-original-width="800" height="640" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-RDj-IGb6ztg/YAnSt-4FgtI/AAAAAAAADJE/HjItawkWanQFNa5l1F2LDrdaY8jOMMoKwCNcBGAsYHQ/w612-h640/mrna-SS22435420.jpg" title="Messenger RNA" width="612" /></span></a></div><span style="font-family: georgia;"><br /></span><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: georgia;"><br /></span></div><p></p><h3 style="color: #222222; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: 0.7px; line-height: 1.2em; margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; text-size-adjust: auto; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-family: georgia; font-size: small;">This past year of the pandemic has brought with it much suffering, but it has also brought an amazing advancement in medical science. It will be the first vaccine that uses a form of nucleic acid, in this case, mRNA (messenger RNA).</span></h3><div class="separator" style="clear: both;"><h3 style="color: #222222; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: 0.7px; line-height: 1.2em; margin: 1em 0px 0.5em; text-size-adjust: auto; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-family: georgia; font-size: small;">Not only will this vaccine bring the world out of the shadow of COVID-19, but it will also open the door to a myriad of other healthcare developments.</span></h3><h2 style="color: #222222; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: 2.01px; line-height: 1.2em; margin: 1em 0px 0.5em; text-align: center; text-size-adjust: auto; white-space: pre-wrap;"><a href="https://www.sciencesource.com/Share/32c1oxv5883852e6hu0742ef7i71d1lm" style="color: #1c9bc7; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration-line: none;"><strong style="overflow-wrap: break-word;"><span style="font-family: georgia; font-size: small;">Stock Images of mRNA</span></strong></a></h2><h3 style="color: #222222; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: 0.7px; line-height: 1.2em; margin: 1em 0px 0.5em; text-size-adjust: auto; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-family: georgia; font-size: small;">First, an overview of how vaccines work. Your body is naturally good at defending itself against intruders such as bacterias and viruses. In fact, you are exposed to thousands each day. If any make it through your first line of defense, your immune system takes action. </span></h3><h3 style="color: #222222; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: 0.7px; line-height: 1.2em; margin: 1em 0px 0.5em; text-size-adjust: auto; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-family: georgia; font-size: small;">A virus is called an antigen. It alerts your immune system to create antibodies, which kill the virus or render it ineffective. Depending on the virus, these antibodies, once triggered, stay effective for months, years, and often a lifetime. </span></h3><h3 style="color: #222222; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: 0.7px; line-height: 1.2em; margin: 1em 0px 0.5em; text-size-adjust: auto; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-family: georgia; font-size: small;">A vaccine works by tricking the body into creating these protective antibodies, without the body needing to get sick. </span></h3><h3 style="color: #222222; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: 0.7px; line-height: 1.2em; margin: 1em 0px 0.5em; text-size-adjust: auto; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-family: georgia; font-size: small;">Traditional or classic vaccines use a method referred to as Whole Pathogen. They use the entire virus, either inactivated (dead) or attenuated (weakened) form.</span></h3><h3 style="color: #222222; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: 0.7px; line-height: 1.2em; margin: 1em 0px 0.5em; text-size-adjust: auto; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-family: georgia; font-size: small;">Another type of vaccine is called Subunit. It uses only part of the virus.</span></h3><h2 style="color: #222222; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: 2.01px; line-height: 1.2em; margin: 1em 0px 0.5em; text-align: center; text-size-adjust: auto; white-space: pre-wrap;"><a href="https://prints.sciencesource.com/art/microbiology" style="color: #1c9bc7; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration-line: none;"><strong style="overflow-wrap: break-word;"><span style="font-family: georgia; font-size: small;">Art Prints and Posters of Microbiology on Fine Art America</span></strong></a></h2><h3 style="color: #222222; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: 0.7px; line-height: 1.2em; margin: 1em 0px 0.5em; text-size-adjust: auto; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-family: georgia; font-size: small;">The newest form of vaccine and the type used for COVID-19 is a Nucleic Acid vaccine, which uses either DNA or mRNA (messenger RNA). This genetic material tells the cells to manufacture the virus or a portion of it. The COVID-19 vaccine uses mRNA that creates just the spike protein that is found on the coronavirus. Our immune system will create antibodies that then attack the coronavirus since it is covered in these spike proteins.</span></h3><h3 style="color: #222222; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: 0.7px; line-height: 1.2em; margin: 1em 0px 0.5em; text-size-adjust: auto; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-family: georgia; font-size: small;">It is the first nucleic acid vaccine ever approved and in use. It is certainly laying the groundwork for many other vaccines to help rid humanity of other diseases. </span></h3><h3 style="color: #222222; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: 0.7px; line-height: 1.2em; margin: 1em 0px 0.5em; text-size-adjust: auto; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-family: georgia; font-size: small;">Without this worldwide health crisis bringing focus and a global collaborative effort, it may have taken many years or even decades for Medicine to have advanced to this point.</span></h3></div>sciencesourcebloghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01565368098320995948noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5525958634802295662.post-63251952998388885892021-01-26T13:56:00.002-05:002022-02-25T17:47:54.487-05:00History of Prosthetics: From Ancient Egypt to Today<p> </p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://www.sciencesource.com/Share/ot8gju282fna6f3r1skp2yosa571u34f" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;" target="_blank"><img alt="Drawing of a vintage prosthetic arm" border="0" data-original-height="628" data-original-width="1200" height="332" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-52pPvMiBBYw/YAnQEB38N0I/AAAAAAAADIo/r5Xm1cYLZz0TIOuGTcrMk0GauhTy-wKnwCNcBGAsYHQ/w640-h332/Prosthetics.jpg" title="Drawing of a vintage prosthetic arm" width="640" /></a></div><br /><p></p><p><br /></p><div class="sqs-block html-block sqs-block-html" data-block-type="2" id="block-e20da2b43cdaac0c37dc" style="box-shadow: none; caret-color: rgb(36, 35, 35); clear: none; color: #242323; font-family: Lato; font-size: 14px; height: auto; outline: none; padding: 0px 17px 17px; position: relative; text-size-adjust: auto;"><div class="sqs-block-content" style="outline: none;"><h3 style="color: #222222; font-family: proxima-nova; font-size: 14px; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: 0.7px; line-height: 1.2em; margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; white-space: pre-wrap;">Prosthetics originated in the Near East around 3000 BC, with the earliest evidence appearing in ancient Egypt and Iran. The first known example was a big toe on the foot of a mummy found in 2000 in the Egyptian necropolis near ancient Thebes.</h3><h3 style="color: #222222; font-family: proxima-nova; font-size: 14px; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: 0.7px; line-height: 1.2em; margin: 1em 0px 0.5em; white-space: pre-wrap;">In the 1st century AD, Pliny the Elder recorded the story of Roman general, Marcus Sergius, who lost his right hand in the Second Punic War and got an iron replacement so he could hold his shield in battle.</h3><h2 style="color: #222222; font-family: futura-pt; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: 2.01px; line-height: 1.2em; margin: 1em 0px 0.5em; text-align: center; white-space: pre-wrap;"><a href="https://www.sciencesource.com/Share/3d1st1g642hh3gl316mdfqy30gy1e6hg" style="color: #1c9bc7; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration-line: none;">Prosthetic Stock Image Gallery</a></h2><h3 style="color: #222222; font-family: proxima-nova; font-size: 14px; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: 0.7px; line-height: 1.2em; margin: 1em 0px 0px; white-space: pre-wrap;">Improvements in amputation surgery and prosthetic design came in France during the 1500s from Ambroise Paré. Among his inventions was a kneeling peg leg, which had an adjustable harness, a fixed foot position, and a locking function.</h3></div></div><div class="sqs-block image-block sqs-block-image sqs-col-4 span-4 float float-right sqs-text-ready" data-block-type="5" id="block-yui_3_17_2_1_1607437237579_18163" style="box-shadow: none; box-sizing: border-box; caret-color: rgb(36, 35, 35); clear: both; color: #242323; float: right; font-family: Lato; font-size: 14px; height: auto; margin-left: 17px; outline: none; padding: 17px; position: relative; text-size-adjust: auto; width: 259.984px; z-index: 10;"><div class="sqs-block-content" id="yui_3_17_2_1_1611255373729_321"><div class="image-block-outer-wrapper layout-caption-below design-layout-inline combination-animation-none individual-animation-none individual-text-animation-none sqs-narrow-width" data-test="image-block-inline-outer-wrapper" id="yui_3_17_2_1_1611255373729_320"><figure class="sqs-block-image-figure intrinsic" id="yui_3_17_2_1_1611255373729_319" style="margin: auto; max-width: 858px;"><a class="sqs-block-image-link" href="https://prints.sciencesource.com/collections/gifts+for+doctors+medical" id="yui_3_17_2_1_1611255373729_318" style="color: #1c9bc7; display: block; text-decoration-line: none;"><div class="image-block-wrapper has-aspect-ratio" data-animation-role="image" id="yui_3_17_2_1_1611255373729_317" style="line-height: 0; overflow: hidden; padding-bottom: 288.141px; position: relative; text-align: center;"><img alt="Medical mugs, prints, phones cases, t-shirts and more" class="thumb-image loaded" data-image-dimensions="858x1094" data-image-focal-point="0.5,0.5" data-image-id="5fcf8eaf69d6d06d55452f2c" data-image-resolution="500w" data-image="https://static1.squarespace.com/static/53a9e846e4b0e253a509f7ef/t/5fcf8eaf69d6d06d55452f2c/1607438100418/Screen+Shot+2020-12-08+at+9.30.22+AM.png" data-load="false" data-src="https://static1.squarespace.com/static/53a9e846e4b0e253a509f7ef/t/5fcf8eaf69d6d06d55452f2c/1607438100418/Screen+Shot+2020-12-08+at+9.30.22+AM.png" data-type="image" src="https://static1.squarespace.com/static/53a9e846e4b0e253a509f7ef/t/5fcf8eaf69d6d06d55452f2c/1607438100418/Screen+Shot+2020-12-08+at+9.30.22+AM.png?format=500w" style="border: 0px; display: block; height: 288.297px; left: 0px; max-width: none; opacity: 1; position: absolute; top: -0.0816249px; transition: opacity 0.3s ease-out 0s; vertical-align: middle; width: 225.984px;" /></div></a><figcaption class="image-caption-wrapper" style="padding-top: 18px;"><div class="image-caption"><p style="font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.68em; margin: 0px 0px 1em; white-space: pre-wrap;">Medical mugs, prints, phones cases, t-shirts and more</p></div></figcaption></figure></div></div></div><div class="sqs-block html-block sqs-block-html" data-block-type="2" id="block-yui_3_17_2_1_1607437237579_28462" style="box-shadow: none; caret-color: rgb(36, 35, 35); clear: none; color: #242323; font-family: Lato; font-size: 14px; height: auto; outline: none; padding: 17px; position: relative; text-size-adjust: auto;"><div class="sqs-block-content" style="outline: none;"><h3 style="color: #222222; font-family: proxima-nova; font-size: 14px; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: 0.7px; line-height: 1.2em; margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; white-space: pre-wrap;">Through the years Prosthetic devices have been an asset to people in the armed forces. Countless field workers who have lost limbs in battle have had their lives transformed by the benefits of prosthetic technology. The Iraq war led to rapid advancement and development in prosthetic technology and now over 1,000 Iraq war veterans use prosthetic limbs. </h3><h3 style="color: #222222; font-family: proxima-nova; font-size: 14px; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: 0.7px; line-height: 1.2em; margin: 1em 0px 0.5em; white-space: pre-wrap;">Today, prosthetics can be made by hand or with the help of computer programs that create designs and analyze the items using 2-D and 3-D graphics. Advancements in robotics continue to improve prosthetic items and in the future, it is not inconceivable that replacement limbs will be as effective as organic ones.</h3><h3 style="color: #222222; font-family: proxima-nova; font-size: 14px; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: 0.7px; line-height: 1.2em; margin: 1em 0px 0.5em; white-space: pre-wrap;">For stock images of prosthetic technology follow the link above and for science products check out our storefront below.</h3><p style="line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0px 0px 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br style="overflow-wrap: break-word; word-wrap: break-word;" /></p><h2 style="color: #222222; font-family: futura-pt; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: 2.01px; line-height: 1.2em; margin: 1em 0px 0px; text-align: center; white-space: pre-wrap;"><a href="https://prints.sciencesource.com/collections/medical+microscope/framed+prints" style="color: #1c9bc7; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration-line: none;" target="_blank">Medical Microscope - Gift Ideas for the Medical Professional</a><br style="overflow-wrap: break-word; word-wrap: break-word;" /></h2></div></div>sciencesourcebloghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01565368098320995948noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5525958634802295662.post-80447401134520876502021-01-25T13:34:00.010-05:002022-02-25T17:46:12.580-05:00Down Syndrome Awarness<p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://www.sciencesource.com/Share/c823786jn4fkh1b3n757eh3288637u8c?FR_=1&H=732&W=855&utm_campaign=6cfe9361ff-EMAIL_CAMPAIGN_2020_11_16_01_29&utm_medium=email&utm_source=Stock%20Photo%20%26%20Video&utm_term=0_81d754a73b-6cfe9361ff-" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: georgia;"><img alt="Two People with down syndrome in a kitchen" border="0" data-original-height="727" data-original-width="1200" height="388" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-GpWrKQa2OoM/YAnNTYjB1fI/AAAAAAAADIc/gyo3pc75MBA5utPm1Lh9bcYg6BINAOPQACNcBGAsYHQ/w640-h388/disability-stock2-SS22549719.jpg" title="Two people with Down Syndrome in a Kitchen" width="640" /></span></a></div><span style="font-family: georgia;"><br /> </span><p></p><h3 data-pm-slice="1 1 []" style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-size-adjust: auto; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: georgia; font-size: small;"> </span></span></h3><h3 data-pm-slice="1 1 []" style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-size-adjust: auto; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: georgia; font-size: small;">Last month was Down Syndrome Awareness Month. According to The National Down Syndrome Society, the month is an opportunity to spread awareness about people with Down Syndrome by celebrating their abilities and accomplishments, rather than their disability.</span></span></h3><p style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-align: center; text-size-adjust: auto; white-space: pre-wrap;"><a href="https://www.sciencesource.com/Share/06cfm7u17jsl26umn0w35ad352w75n1b"><span style="font-family: georgia;">Stock image and video gallery of down syndrome awareness</span></a></p><h3 style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-size-adjust: auto; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: georgia; font-size: small;">Over the years, The National Down Syndrome Society has devoted itself to the specific health and education needs of people with Down Syndrome. The NDSS raises money through direct donations and fundraisers such as the Buddywalk each election year. They also advocate for legal protections for people with down syndrome and fight to preserve government assistance programs.</span></span></h3><h3 style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-size-adjust: auto; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: georgia; font-size: small;">Down Syndrome is one of the most common chromosomal diseases, affecting about 6,000 newborns each year. While there is no cure for Down Syndrome, organizations such as the NDSS continue to provide people with the condition with the help and opportunities they need to live happy and fulfilling lives. As their website mentions, people with Down Syndrome drive cars, go to college, get jobs, date, and get married every day! Find out how you can help them fulfill their dreams by visiting the NDSS website below.</span></span></h3><h3 style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-align: center; text-size-adjust: auto; white-space: pre-wrap;"><a href="https://prints.sciencesource.com/art/dna?sort=bestsellers" style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: georgia; font-size: small;">DNA and Genetics Themed Gifts and Home Decor</span></a></h3><h3 style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-size-adjust: auto; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: georgia; font-size: small;">At Science Source, we proudly celebrate people from different backgrounds and experiences. We are excited to celebrate Down Syndrome Awareness Month by offering a broad and inclusive selection of stock images and videos.</span></span></h3><p style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-align: center; text-size-adjust: auto; white-space: pre-wrap;"><a href="https://www.ndss.org/syndrome-awareness-month-means/"><span style="font-family: georgia;">The National Down Syndrome Society</span></a></p>sciencesourcebloghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01565368098320995948noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5525958634802295662.post-26788994202604055172021-01-22T13:10:00.001-05:002021-01-22T13:10:01.065-05:00Neurigenetics<p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://www.sciencesource.com/CS.aspx?RH=615&RW=1618&SMLS=1&VBID=2OPVHKDTOA2F1&VP3=SearchResult" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;" target="_blank"><img alt="3d illustration of DNA" border="0" data-original-height="628" data-original-width="1200" height="332" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-OEVByO1nCqk/YAnEaJnKZqI/AAAAAAAADH4/bzZ2lWQ4mUk3VELQkEiM0inLmaV2Qg9XACNcBGAsYHQ/w640-h332/neurogenetics.jpg" title="3d illustration of DNA" width="640" /></a></div><br /> Ne<span style="caret-color: rgb(36, 35, 35); color: #242323; font-family: Lato; font-size: 14px; white-space: pre-wrap;">urogenetics is the study of the nervous system as it pertains to genetics. Using phenotypes, or observable characteristics and traits, neurogenetics attempts to reach conclusions about individuals of one or more species on the basis of hereditary.</span><p></p><div class="sqs-block html-block sqs-block-html" data-block-type="2" id="block-4a775e3e2649e5429db6" style="caret-color: rgb(36, 35, 35); clear: none; color: #242323; font-family: Lato; font-size: 14px; height: auto; padding: 0px 17px 17px; position: relative; text-size-adjust: auto;"><div class="sqs-block-content" style="outline: none;"><p class="" style="line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0px 0px 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word; white-space: pre-wrap;">Seymour Benzer, considered by many as the father of neurogenetics, made his first discovery in the field of neurogenetics when he pinpointed a link between the circadian rhythm and genes. He found that animals go through cycles of sleeping and waking naturally and not by anything learned or developed. This led him to further investigations in the traits and behaviors of individuals as they relate to genetics. Benzer went on to make groundbreaking discoveries in neurodegeneration when he discovered similarities between fruit fly and human genes. This helped him isolate neurological diseases in humans. </p><p class="" style="line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-align: center; white-space: pre-wrap;"><a href="https://www.sciencesource.com/CS.aspx?RH=615&RW=1618&SMLS=1&VBID=2OPVHKDTOA2F1&VP3=SearchResult" style="color: #1c9bc7; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration-line: none;">Stock image and Video Gallery of Neurogenetics</a></p></div></div><div class="sqs-block image-block sqs-block-image sqs-col-4 span-4 float float-right sqs-text-ready" data-block-type="5" id="block-yui_3_17_2_1_1600457340512_14599" style="box-sizing: border-box; caret-color: rgb(36, 35, 35); clear: both; color: #242323; float: right; font-family: Lato; font-size: 14px; height: auto; margin-left: 17px; padding: 17px; position: relative; text-size-adjust: auto; width: 270.974px; z-index: 10 !important;"><div class="sqs-block-content" id="yui_3_17_2_1_1611252780448_118"><div class="image-block-outer-wrapper
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" href="https://prints.sciencesource.com/collections/cajal+prints" id="yui_3_17_2_1_1611252780448_115" style="color: #1c9bc7; display: block; text-decoration-line: none;"><div class="
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" data-animation-role="image" id="yui_3_17_2_1_1611252780448_114" style="line-height: 0; overflow: hidden; padding-bottom: 278.7867431640625px; position: relative; text-align: center;"><img alt="Cajal tote bag and other products." class="thumb-image loaded" data-image-dimensions="964x1134" data-image-focal-point="0.5,0.5" data-image-id="5f650f0f554ac933a35812ce" data-image-resolution="500w" data-image="https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/53a9e846e4b0e253a509f7ef/1600458512822-X6CFXJE2JZKNRJNAEWC2/ke17ZwdGBToddI8pDm48kD4oNewnoluACNi2crplMd8UqsxRUqqbr1mOJYKfIPR7LoDQ9mXPOjoJoqy81S2I8PaoYXhp6HxIwZIk7-Mi3Tsic-L2IOPH3Dwrhl-Ne3Z2St026UXrPu2MimgBLXV3W7Thv1qi6Hkv9u1GKcL54NEKMshLAGzx4R3EDFOm1kBS/Screen+Shot+2020-09-18+at+3.48.22+PM.png" data-load="false" data-src="https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/53a9e846e4b0e253a509f7ef/1600458512822-X6CFXJE2JZKNRJNAEWC2/ke17ZwdGBToddI8pDm48kD4oNewnoluACNi2crplMd8UqsxRUqqbr1mOJYKfIPR7LoDQ9mXPOjoJoqy81S2I8PaoYXhp6HxIwZIk7-Mi3Tsic-L2IOPH3Dwrhl-Ne3Z2St026UXrPu2MimgBLXV3W7Thv1qi6Hkv9u1GKcL54NEKMshLAGzx4R3EDFOm1kBS/Screen+Shot+2020-09-18+at+3.48.22+PM.png" data-type="image" src="https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/53a9e846e4b0e253a509f7ef/1600458512822-X6CFXJE2JZKNRJNAEWC2/ke17ZwdGBToddI8pDm48kD4oNewnoluACNi2crplMd8UqsxRUqqbr1mOJYKfIPR7LoDQ9mXPOjoJoqy81S2I8PaoYXhp6HxIwZIk7-Mi3Tsic-L2IOPH3Dwrhl-Ne3Z2St026UXrPu2MimgBLXV3W7Thv1qi6Hkv9u1GKcL54NEKMshLAGzx4R3EDFOm1kBS/Screen+Shot+2020-09-18+at+3.48.22+PM.png?format=500w" style="border: 0px; display: block; height: 278.7867431640625px; left: -0.5897992849349976px; max-width: none; opacity: 1; position: absolute; top: 0px; transition: opacity 0.3s ease-out; vertical-align: middle; width: 238.18014526367188px;" /></div></a><figcaption class="image-caption-wrapper" style="padding-top: 18px;"><div class="image-caption"><p class="" style="font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.68em; margin: 0px 0px 1em;">Cajal tote bag and other products.</p></div></figcaption></figure></div></div></div><div class="sqs-block html-block sqs-block-html" data-block-type="2" id="block-yui_3_17_2_1_1600457340512_17452" style="caret-color: rgb(36, 35, 35); clear: none; color: #242323; font-family: Lato; font-size: 14px; height: auto; padding: 17px; position: relative; text-size-adjust: auto;"><div class="sqs-block-content" style="outline: none;"><p class="" style="line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0px 0px 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word; white-space: pre-wrap;">Advances in molecular biology and the species-wide genome project have made it possible to map an individual's entire genome. While this information is key to understanding neurobiology, a comprehensive picture of an individual’s traits and behaviors can only be achieved by taking into account additional factors. </p><p class="" style="line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0px 0px 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word; white-space: pre-wrap;">The classic debate of nature vs. nurture clarifies that one’s genes are not the only determinant of a given biological outcome. Science reveals that traits and behaviors are due to a confluence of many genes, as well as regulatory factors like neurotransmitter levels and one’s environmental influences. </p><p class="" style="line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0px 0px 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word; white-space: pre-wrap;">New developments in genetic engineering are being used to alter genetic material to potentially negate or suppress the effects of genetically linked diseases. Innovations in technologies, such as CRISPR, allow genetic material to be added, removed, or altered at particular locations in the genome.</p><p class="" style="line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0px 0px 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word; white-space: pre-wrap;"> It is possible that one day genetic editing could be used to cure neurogenic diseases such as Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's. Research on this front, however, is still ongoing.</p><p class="" style="line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; white-space: pre-wrap;"><a href="https://prints.sciencesource.com/collections/dna+watson+crick" style="color: #1c9bc7; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration-line: none;">Great DNA tote-bags and more</a></p></div></div>sciencesourcebloghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01565368098320995948noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5525958634802295662.post-13625468129857727822021-01-05T15:23:00.005-05:002022-02-25T17:44:36.172-05:00Taking a Closer Look at Microscopy for Medical and Scientific Use<p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://www.sciencesource.com/Share/v63r10y8ehj58h8n25gt2h263o4fl1j3?FR_=1&W=1182&H=1107" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;" target="_blank"><img alt="Waterbear Micrograph" border="0" data-original-height="677" data-original-width="1200" height="362" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-mvIvu1wgDdo/X_TJs8YGgNI/AAAAAAAADHQ/55RhJel9EpYjged-S5F4LLSbX5kVSJjbwCNcBGAsYHQ/w640-h362/microscopy-techniques.jpg" title="Waterbear Micrograph" width="640" /></a></div><br /> Read <span style="caret-color: rgb(36, 35, 35); color: #242323; font-family: Lato; font-size: 14px; white-space: pre-wrap;">any scientific or medical news story and you can see that microscopy has come a long way since your high school biology class microscope.</span><p></p><div class="sqs-block html-block sqs-block-html" data-block-type="2" id="block-8ccbee5fedf1f0d8074d" style="caret-color: rgb(36, 35, 35); clear: none; color: #242323; font-family: Lato; font-size: 14px; height: auto; padding: 0px 17px 17px; position: relative; text-size-adjust: auto;"><div class="sqs-block-content" id="yui_3_17_2_1_1609877389647_439" style="outline: none;"><p style="line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0px 0px 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word; white-space: pre-wrap;">It isn't just higher magnification, but crisp details, a greater depth of field, viewing internal features, and colorful 3D-like visuals that fascinate us. There have been many advancements to light microscopes and a multitude of new kinds that can see so much more than we could have ever expected. </p><p style="line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0px 0px 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-align: center; white-space: pre-wrap;"><a href="https://www.sciencesource.com/Share/v8cl16q6228q4704r6qc5m3ij2407857" style="color: #1c9bc7; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration-line: none;"><strong style="overflow-wrap: break-word;">Stock Micrographs</strong></a></p><p style="line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; white-space: pre-wrap;">Let's take a closer look!</p></div></div><div class="sqs-block image-block sqs-block-image sqs-col-6 span-6 float float-right sqs-text-ready" data-block-type="5" id="block-yui_3_17_2_1_1594058577592_23605" style="box-sizing: border-box; caret-color: rgb(36, 35, 35); clear: both; color: #242323; float: right; font-family: Lato; font-size: 14px; height: auto; margin-left: 17px; padding: 17px; position: relative; text-size-adjust: auto; width: 406.5px; z-index: 10;"><div class="sqs-block-content" id="yui_3_17_2_1_1609877389647_117"><div class="image-block-outer-wrapper layout-caption-below design-layout-inline combination-animation-none individual-animation-none individual-text-animation-none sqs-narrow-width" data-test="image-block-inline-outer-wrapper" id="yui_3_17_2_1_1609877389647_116"><figure class="sqs-block-image-figure intrinsic" id="yui_3_17_2_1_1609877389647_115" style="margin: auto; max-width: 800px;"><div class="image-block-wrapper has-aspect-ratio" data-animation-role="image" id="yui_3_17_2_1_1609877389647_114" style="line-height: 0; overflow: hidden; padding-bottom: 248.641px; position: relative; text-align: center;"><img alt="Four types of Light micrographs: Bright Field, Dark Field, Polarized, Phase Contrast. © Marek Mis/Science Source" class="thumb-image loaded" data-image-dimensions="800x534" data-image-focal-point="0.5,0.5" data-image-id="5f0367a69a318e4d264a73f1" data-image-resolution="750w" data-image="https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/53a9e846e4b0e253a509f7ef/1594058663090-U0RQXTHYB2U4WI0R3EM5/ke17ZwdGBToddI8pDm48kD2z-LLWBH7obTt8oweMjYNZw-zPPgdn4jUwVcJE1ZvWQUxwkmyExglNqGp0IvTJZamWLI2zvYWH8K3-s_4yszcp2ryTI0HqTOaaUohrI8PImOHbQbjXasSwxFcLdk_scOGqT4Z6kt8j9Nmw5KBS9fwKMshLAGzx4R3EDFOm1kBS/compare-LT.jpg" data-load="false" data-src="https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/53a9e846e4b0e253a509f7ef/1594058663090-U0RQXTHYB2U4WI0R3EM5/ke17ZwdGBToddI8pDm48kD2z-LLWBH7obTt8oweMjYNZw-zPPgdn4jUwVcJE1ZvWQUxwkmyExglNqGp0IvTJZamWLI2zvYWH8K3-s_4yszcp2ryTI0HqTOaaUohrI8PImOHbQbjXasSwxFcLdk_scOGqT4Z6kt8j9Nmw5KBS9fwKMshLAGzx4R3EDFOm1kBS/compare-LT.jpg" data-type="image" src="https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/53a9e846e4b0e253a509f7ef/1594058663090-U0RQXTHYB2U4WI0R3EM5/ke17ZwdGBToddI8pDm48kD2z-LLWBH7obTt8oweMjYNZw-zPPgdn4jUwVcJE1ZvWQUxwkmyExglNqGp0IvTJZamWLI2zvYWH8K3-s_4yszcp2ryTI0HqTOaaUohrI8PImOHbQbjXasSwxFcLdk_scOGqT4Z6kt8j9Nmw5KBS9fwKMshLAGzx4R3EDFOm1kBS/compare-LT.jpg?format=750w" style="border: 0px; display: block; height: 248.938px; left: 0px; max-width: none; opacity: 1; position: absolute; top: -0.1554px; transition: opacity 0.3s ease-out 0s; vertical-align: middle; width: 372.5px;" /></div><figcaption class="image-caption-wrapper" style="padding-top: 18px;"><div class="image-caption"><p style="font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.68em; margin: 0px 0px 1em; white-space: pre-wrap;">Four types of Light micrographs: Bright Field, Dark Field, Polarized, Phase Contrast. © Marek Mis/Science Source</p></div></figcaption></figure></div></div></div><div class="sqs-block html-block sqs-block-html" data-block-type="2" id="block-yui_3_17_2_1_1594058577592_38536" style="caret-color: rgb(36, 35, 35); clear: none; color: #242323; font-family: Lato; font-size: 14px; height: auto; padding: 17px; position: relative; text-size-adjust: auto;"><div class="sqs-block-content" style="outline: none;"><p style="line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0px 0px 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word; white-space: pre-wrap;">The basic microscope we used as a kid is the standard “light microscope”. Simply put, it uses light and a set of lenses. The addition of filters, specialized mirrors, lasers, specific light spectrums, and other features gives us much more detail.</p><p style="line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0px 0px 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word; white-space: pre-wrap;">More advanced devices include Scanning Electron Microscopes (SEM), Transmission Electron Microscopes (TEM), Atomic Force Microscopes (AFM), and Scanning Tunneling Microscopes (STM).</p><p style="line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0px 0px 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word; white-space: pre-wrap;">Commonly used techniques when viewing slides on a light microscope are Bright Field, Dark Field, Fluorescence, Differential Interference Contrast (DIC), Phase Contrast, and Confocal microscopy.</p><p style="line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; white-space: pre-wrap;"><strong style="overflow-wrap: break-word;">Light MIcroscope Bright Field:</strong> the light source shines directly from underneath the specimen, creating a light-colored or bright area around it.</p></div></div><div class="sqs-block image-block sqs-block-image sqs-col-6 span-6 float float-right sqs-text-ready" data-block-type="5" id="block-yui_3_17_2_1_1594058577592_83009" style="box-sizing: border-box; caret-color: rgb(36, 35, 35); clear: both; color: #242323; float: right; font-family: Lato; font-size: 14px; height: auto; margin-left: 17px; padding: 17px; position: relative; text-size-adjust: auto; width: 406.5px; z-index: 10;"><div class="sqs-block-content" id="yui_3_17_2_1_1609877389647_137"><div class="image-block-outer-wrapper layout-caption-below design-layout-inline combination-animation-none individual-animation-none individual-text-animation-none sqs-narrow-width" data-test="image-block-inline-outer-wrapper" id="yui_3_17_2_1_1609877389647_136"><figure class="sqs-block-image-figure intrinsic" id="yui_3_17_2_1_1609877389647_135" style="margin: auto; max-width: 900px;"><div class="image-block-wrapper has-aspect-ratio" data-animation-role="image" id="yui_3_17_2_1_1609877389647_134" style="line-height: 0; overflow: hidden; padding-bottom: 298px; position: relative; text-align: center;"><img alt="Purkinje neurons of the cerebellar cortex stained with four staining methods: hematoxylin eosin (top left), cresyl violet (top right), Cajal's silver nitrate (bottom left) and silver method for Golgi apparatus (bottom right). © Jose Luis Calvo/Science Source" class="thumb-image loaded" data-image-dimensions="900x720" data-image-focal-point="0.5,0.5" data-image-id="5f038170f3633a029cd15286" data-image-resolution="750w" data-image="https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/53a9e846e4b0e253a509f7ef/1594065264919-IVXUHNP4NDIKMKHBP9GJ/ke17ZwdGBToddI8pDm48kOiijb33UjYh21hFLwdK5uRZw-zPPgdn4jUwVcJE1ZvWQUxwkmyExglNqGp0IvTJZamWLI2zvYWH8K3-s_4yszcp2ryTI0HqTOaaUohrI8PIZhjMSNpTRNQGpYhn4YV_NJsjLe2ooO2vm8KOBIUzQj4KMshLAGzx4R3EDFOm1kBS/ScienceSource_SS130796.jpg" data-load="false" data-src="https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/53a9e846e4b0e253a509f7ef/1594065264919-IVXUHNP4NDIKMKHBP9GJ/ke17ZwdGBToddI8pDm48kOiijb33UjYh21hFLwdK5uRZw-zPPgdn4jUwVcJE1ZvWQUxwkmyExglNqGp0IvTJZamWLI2zvYWH8K3-s_4yszcp2ryTI0HqTOaaUohrI8PIZhjMSNpTRNQGpYhn4YV_NJsjLe2ooO2vm8KOBIUzQj4KMshLAGzx4R3EDFOm1kBS/ScienceSource_SS130796.jpg" data-type="image" src="https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/53a9e846e4b0e253a509f7ef/1594065264919-IVXUHNP4NDIKMKHBP9GJ/ke17ZwdGBToddI8pDm48kOiijb33UjYh21hFLwdK5uRZw-zPPgdn4jUwVcJE1ZvWQUxwkmyExglNqGp0IvTJZamWLI2zvYWH8K3-s_4yszcp2ryTI0HqTOaaUohrI8PIZhjMSNpTRNQGpYhn4YV_NJsjLe2ooO2vm8KOBIUzQj4KMshLAGzx4R3EDFOm1kBS/ScienceSource_SS130796.jpg?format=750w" style="border: 0px; display: block; height: 298px; left: -0.132657px; max-width: none; opacity: 1; position: absolute; top: 0px; transition: opacity 0.3s ease-out 0s; vertical-align: middle; width: 372.75px;" /></div><figcaption class="image-caption-wrapper" style="padding-top: 18px;"><div class="image-caption"><p style="font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.68em; margin: 0px 0px 1em; white-space: pre-wrap;">Purkinje neurons of the cerebellar cortex stained with four staining methods: hematoxylin eosin (top left), cresyl violet (top right), Cajal's silver nitrate (bottom left) and silver method for Golgi apparatus (bottom right). © Jose Luis Calvo/Science Source</p></div></figcaption></figure></div></div></div><div class="sqs-block html-block sqs-block-html" data-block-type="2" id="block-yui_3_17_2_1_1594058577592_83308" style="caret-color: rgb(36, 35, 35); clear: none; color: #242323; font-family: Lato; font-size: 14px; height: auto; padding: 17px; position: relative; text-size-adjust: auto;"><div class="sqs-block-content" style="outline: none;"><p style="line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0px 0px 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word; white-space: pre-wrap;"><strong style="overflow-wrap: break-word;">Light Microscope Dark Field:</strong> the light source is occulted, so it reaches the specimen at different angles giving us slightly more varied details than if it was lit from directly underneath. The area around the specimen is dark or black.</p><p style="line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0px 0px 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word; white-space: pre-wrap;"><strong style="overflow-wrap: break-word;">Fluorescence:</strong> This uses light filters and specific wavelengths. Short wavelengths are reflected down to the specimen, which then fluoresces or gives off long wavelengths of light. These are reflected up to a mirror that allows long wavelengths to pass through to the lens.</p><p style="line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; white-space: pre-wrap;"><strong style="overflow-wrap: break-word;">Phase Contrast: </strong>Using a special lens and filters it allows viewing of transparent and colorless specimens. It looks similar to DIC micrography but lacks shadows, making it a bit more two dimensional.</p></div></div><div class="sqs-block image-block sqs-block-image sqs-text-ready" data-block-type="5" id="block-yui_3_17_2_1_1594058577592_53757" style="caret-color: rgb(36, 35, 35); clear: both; color: #242323; font-family: Lato; font-size: 14px; height: auto; padding: 17px; position: relative; text-size-adjust: auto;"><div class="sqs-block-content" id="yui_3_17_2_1_1609877389647_154"><div class="image-block-outer-wrapper layout-caption-below design-layout-inline combination-animation-none individual-animation-none individual-text-animation-none" data-test="image-block-inline-outer-wrapper" id="yui_3_17_2_1_1609877389647_153"><figure class="sqs-block-image-figure intrinsic" id="yui_3_17_2_1_1609877389647_152" style="margin: auto; max-width: 1496px;"><div class="image-block-wrapper has-aspect-ratio" data-animation-role="image" id="yui_3_17_2_1_1609877389647_151" style="line-height: 0; overflow: hidden; padding-bottom: 117.672px; position: relative; text-align: center;"><img alt="Different illumination techniques of a light microscope: dark field, fluorescence, bright field, phase contrast, DIC (differential interference contrast). Child’s hair strand © Ted Kinsman/Science Source" class="thumb-image loaded" data-image-dimensions="1496x226" data-image-focal-point="0.5,0.5" data-image-id="5f0378f3c98f7f036f449c09" data-image-resolution="1500w" data-image="https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/53a9e846e4b0e253a509f7ef/1594063092197-TFRHKYIU6WYQ4S46ARQ1/ke17ZwdGBToddI8pDm48kA6OSKkyuW-pwjixxyI5YjoUqsxRUqqbr1mOJYKfIPR7LoDQ9mXPOjoJoqy81S2I8N_N4V1vUb5AoIIIbLZhVYxCRW4BPu10St3TBAUQYVKch6dBViol2SJSgKkz5MvpIrcq_2p5Kpy2V4yethtIFkw8uxisobm4aWVFJKmQ_jeb/Illumination-tech.jpg" data-load="false" data-src="https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/53a9e846e4b0e253a509f7ef/1594063092197-TFRHKYIU6WYQ4S46ARQ1/ke17ZwdGBToddI8pDm48kA6OSKkyuW-pwjixxyI5YjoUqsxRUqqbr1mOJYKfIPR7LoDQ9mXPOjoJoqy81S2I8N_N4V1vUb5AoIIIbLZhVYxCRW4BPu10St3TBAUQYVKch6dBViol2SJSgKkz5MvpIrcq_2p5Kpy2V4yethtIFkw8uxisobm4aWVFJKmQ_jeb/Illumination-tech.jpg" data-type="image" src="https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/53a9e846e4b0e253a509f7ef/1594063092197-TFRHKYIU6WYQ4S46ARQ1/ke17ZwdGBToddI8pDm48kA6OSKkyuW-pwjixxyI5YjoUqsxRUqqbr1mOJYKfIPR7LoDQ9mXPOjoJoqy81S2I8N_N4V1vUb5AoIIIbLZhVYxCRW4BPu10St3TBAUQYVKch6dBViol2SJSgKkz5MvpIrcq_2p5Kpy2V4yethtIFkw8uxisobm4aWVFJKmQ_jeb/Illumination-tech.jpg?format=1500w" style="border: 0px; display: block; height: 117.859px; left: 0px; max-width: none; opacity: 1; position: absolute; top: -0.0992079px; transition: opacity 0.3s ease-out 0s; vertical-align: middle; width: 779px;" /></div><figcaption class="image-caption-wrapper" style="padding-top: 18px;"><div class="image-caption"><p style="font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.68em; margin: 0px 0px 1em; white-space: pre-wrap;">Different illumination techniques of a light microscope: dark field, fluorescence, bright field, phase contrast, DIC (differential interference contrast). Child’s hair strand © Ted Kinsman/Science Source</p></div></figcaption></figure></div></div></div><div class="sqs-block html-block sqs-block-html" data-block-type="2" id="block-yui_3_17_2_1_1594058577592_54056" style="caret-color: rgb(36, 35, 35); clear: none; color: #242323; font-family: Lato; font-size: 14px; height: auto; padding: 17px; position: relative; text-size-adjust: auto;"><div class="sqs-block-content" style="outline: none;"><p style="line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0px 0px 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word; white-space: pre-wrap;"><strong style="overflow-wrap: break-word;">Differential Interference Contrast Microscopy (DIC): </strong>Using a polarizer, beam splitter, condenser, and filters it allows viewing of transparent and colorless specimens. It has a more three-dimensional appearance than phase-contrast microscopy.</p><p style="line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0px 0px 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word; white-space: pre-wrap;"><strong style="overflow-wrap: break-word;">Confocal Microscopy:</strong> Also called Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy (CLSM), it uses a laser and a spatial pinhole to create a sharper image.</p><p style="line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; white-space: pre-wrap;">Let's look at the more advanced types of microscopes:</p></div></div><div class="sqs-block image-block sqs-block-image sqs-col-6 span-6 float float-left sqs-text-ready" data-block-type="5" id="block-yui_3_17_2_1_1594237656054_32724" style="box-sizing: border-box; caret-color: rgb(36, 35, 35); clear: both; color: #242323; float: left; font-family: Lato; font-size: 14px; height: auto; margin-right: 17px; padding: 17px; position: relative; text-size-adjust: auto; width: 406.5px; z-index: 10;"><div class="sqs-block-content" id="yui_3_17_2_1_1609877389647_172"><div class="image-block-outer-wrapper layout-caption-below design-layout-inline combination-animation-none individual-animation-none individual-text-animation-none sqs-narrow-width" data-test="image-block-inline-outer-wrapper" id="yui_3_17_2_1_1609877389647_171"><figure class="sqs-block-image-figure intrinsic" id="yui_3_17_2_1_1609877389647_170" style="margin: auto; max-width: 800px;"><a class="sqs-block-image-link" href="https://www.sciencesource.com/archive/Plasma-membrane-proteins--AFM-SS21281674.html" id="yui_3_17_2_1_1609877389647_169" style="color: #1c9bc7; display: block; text-decoration-line: none;"><div class="image-block-wrapper has-aspect-ratio" data-animation-role="image" id="yui_3_17_2_1_1609877389647_168" style="line-height: 0; overflow: hidden; padding-bottom: 371.094px; position: relative; text-align: center;"><img alt="|Atomic Force Micrograph of plasma membrane proteins." class="thumb-image loaded" data-image-dimensions="800x797" data-image-focal-point="0.5,0.5" data-image-id="5f062400f21dd43ad6a2f653" data-image-resolution="750w" data-image="https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/53a9e846e4b0e253a509f7ef/1594237952800-N0LWLTS439MSGL7IFVJ3/ke17ZwdGBToddI8pDm48kBE9J4zQ0AC8O-sE4GmrQ-hZw-zPPgdn4jUwVcJE1ZvWQUxwkmyExglNqGp0IvTJZamWLI2zvYWH8K3-s_4yszcp2ryTI0HqTOaaUohrI8PIBjiiOmo0I2_Cv6Q9OKgu7lhgDzHGhCumuluZvZ42aaAKMshLAGzx4R3EDFOm1kBS/ScienceSource_SS21281674.jpg" data-load="false" data-src="https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/53a9e846e4b0e253a509f7ef/1594237952800-N0LWLTS439MSGL7IFVJ3/ke17ZwdGBToddI8pDm48kBE9J4zQ0AC8O-sE4GmrQ-hZw-zPPgdn4jUwVcJE1ZvWQUxwkmyExglNqGp0IvTJZamWLI2zvYWH8K3-s_4yszcp2ryTI0HqTOaaUohrI8PIBjiiOmo0I2_Cv6Q9OKgu7lhgDzHGhCumuluZvZ42aaAKMshLAGzx4R3EDFOm1kBS/ScienceSource_SS21281674.jpg" data-type="image" src="https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/53a9e846e4b0e253a509f7ef/1594237952800-N0LWLTS439MSGL7IFVJ3/ke17ZwdGBToddI8pDm48kBE9J4zQ0AC8O-sE4GmrQ-hZw-zPPgdn4jUwVcJE1ZvWQUxwkmyExglNqGp0IvTJZamWLI2zvYWH8K3-s_4yszcp2ryTI0HqTOaaUohrI8PIBjiiOmo0I2_Cv6Q9OKgu7lhgDzHGhCumuluZvZ42aaAKMshLAGzx4R3EDFOm1kBS/ScienceSource_SS21281674.jpg?format=750w" style="border: 0px; display: block; height: 371.094px; left: -0.168442px; max-width: none; opacity: 1; position: absolute; top: 0px; transition: opacity 0.3s ease-out 0s; vertical-align: middle; width: 372.828px;" /></div></a><figcaption class="image-caption-wrapper" style="padding-top: 18px;"><div class="image-caption"><p style="font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.68em; margin: 0px 0px 1em; white-space: pre-wrap;">|Atomic Force Micrograph of plasma membrane proteins.</p></div></figcaption></figure></div></div></div><div class="sqs-block html-block sqs-block-html" data-block-type="2" id="block-yui_3_17_2_1_1594237656054_45248" style="caret-color: rgb(36, 35, 35); clear: none; color: #242323; font-family: Lato; font-size: 14px; height: auto; padding: 17px; position: relative; text-size-adjust: auto;"><div class="sqs-block-content" style="outline: none;"><p style="line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; white-space: pre-wrap;"><strong style="overflow-wrap: break-word;">Scanning Electron Microscope SEM:</strong> Uses a particle beam of electrons. It detects reflected electrons off the surface of a specimen, which is placed in a vacuum. creating sharp images. Magnification ranges from 20x to 30,000x, spatial resolution of 50 - 100nm.</p></div></div><div class="sqs-block image-block sqs-block-image sqs-col-3 span-3 float float-right sqs-text-ready" data-block-type="5" id="block-yui_3_17_2_1_1594058577592_103710" style="box-sizing: border-box; caret-color: rgb(36, 35, 35); clear: both; color: #242323; float: right; font-family: Lato; font-size: 14px; height: auto; margin-left: 17px; padding: 17px; position: relative; text-size-adjust: auto; width: 203.25px; z-index: 10;"><div class="sqs-block-content" id="yui_3_17_2_1_1609877389647_189"><div class="image-block-outer-wrapper layout-caption-below design-layout-inline combination-animation-none individual-animation-none individual-text-animation-none sqs-narrow-width" data-test="image-block-inline-outer-wrapper" id="yui_3_17_2_1_1609877389647_188"><figure class="sqs-block-image-figure intrinsic" id="yui_3_17_2_1_1609877389647_187" style="margin: auto; max-width: 1200px;"><div class="image-block-wrapper has-aspect-ratio" data-animation-role="image" id="yui_3_17_2_1_1609877389647_186" style="line-height: 0; overflow: hidden; padding-bottom: 125.797px; position: relative; text-align: center;"><img alt="Bone marrow cell. This micrograph shows this cell with light (inset) and electron microscope. © Jose Luis Calvo/Science Source" class="thumb-image loaded" data-image-dimensions="1200x892" data-image-focal-point="0.5,0.5" data-image-id="5f03823d61f6c0386c02b1af" data-image-resolution="500w" data-image="https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/53a9e846e4b0e253a509f7ef/1594065472538-CHDMIATINJH019ZR59AJ/ke17ZwdGBToddI8pDm48kMm6UwHPozh74e6ZeZKbH14UqsxRUqqbr1mOJYKfIPR7LoDQ9mXPOjoJoqy81S2I8N_N4V1vUb5AoIIIbLZhVYxCRW4BPu10St3TBAUQYVKcm0Asp3PeMClIZ_u9JxaWLiBV8MvMUx1mBs3pXMCeFyUr2crJcHUfWi4Xnp2J81CE/ScienceSource_SS130692.jpg" data-load="false" data-src="https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/53a9e846e4b0e253a509f7ef/1594065472538-CHDMIATINJH019ZR59AJ/ke17ZwdGBToddI8pDm48kMm6UwHPozh74e6ZeZKbH14UqsxRUqqbr1mOJYKfIPR7LoDQ9mXPOjoJoqy81S2I8N_N4V1vUb5AoIIIbLZhVYxCRW4BPu10St3TBAUQYVKcm0Asp3PeMClIZ_u9JxaWLiBV8MvMUx1mBs3pXMCeFyUr2crJcHUfWi4Xnp2J81CE/ScienceSource_SS130692.jpg" data-type="image" src="https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/53a9e846e4b0e253a509f7ef/1594065472538-CHDMIATINJH019ZR59AJ/ke17ZwdGBToddI8pDm48kMm6UwHPozh74e6ZeZKbH14UqsxRUqqbr1mOJYKfIPR7LoDQ9mXPOjoJoqy81S2I8N_N4V1vUb5AoIIIbLZhVYxCRW4BPu10St3TBAUQYVKcm0Asp3PeMClIZ_u9JxaWLiBV8MvMUx1mBs3pXMCeFyUr2crJcHUfWi4Xnp2J81CE/ScienceSource_SS130692.jpg?format=500w" style="border: 0px; display: block; height: 125.984px; left: 0px; max-width: none; opacity: 1; position: absolute; top: -0.101277px; transition: opacity 0.3s ease-out 0s; vertical-align: middle; width: 169.25px;" /></div><figcaption class="image-caption-wrapper" style="padding-top: 18px;"><div class="image-caption"><p style="font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.68em; margin: 0px 0px 1em; white-space: pre-wrap;">Bone marrow cell. This micrograph shows this cell with light (inset) and electron microscope. © Jose Luis Calvo/Science Source</p></div></figcaption></figure></div></div></div><div class="sqs-block html-block sqs-block-html" data-block-type="2" id="block-yui_3_17_2_1_1594058577592_110614" style="caret-color: rgb(36, 35, 35); clear: none; color: #242323; font-family: Lato; font-size: 14px; height: auto; padding: 17px; position: relative; text-size-adjust: auto;"><div class="sqs-block-content" style="outline: none;"><p style="line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0px 0px 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word; white-space: pre-wrap;"><strong style="overflow-wrap: break-word;">Transmission Electron Microscope TEM:</strong> Uses a particle beam of electrons that pass through a thinly sliced specimen. It can show the internal structures of cells with a magnification up to 2,000,000x.</p><p style="line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0px 0px 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word; white-space: pre-wrap;"><strong style="overflow-wrap: break-word;">Atomic Force Microscope AFM:</strong> AFM uses a laser that bounces off of a stylus on a cantilever lever. This action traces the specimen. Any deviation triggers the sensors creating a raster image. One benefit of this is that it also records the Z-Plane. Another advantage of AFM over electron microscopy is that the specimen need not be in a vacuum.</p><p style="line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0px 0px 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word; white-space: pre-wrap;"><strong style="overflow-wrap: break-word;">Scanning Tunneling Microscope STM:</strong> Scanning Tunneling Microscope STM: An STM also uses electrons, based on quantum tunneling. The benefits are that it can be used in a vacuum, air, water, or ambient gas environment. It captures surfaces on the atomic level.</p><p style="line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0px 0px 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word; white-space: pre-wrap;">What can we look at with all of these scopes? </p><p style="line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0px 0px 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word; white-space: pre-wrap;">Scoop up pond water or ocean water to be astonished by the plethora of living zooplankton and phytoplankton visible within a single drop using a simple light microscope. </p><p style="line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0px 0px 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word; white-space: pre-wrap;">It opens you to the wonder of cyanobacteria, blue-green algae, ciliates like paramecium, daphnia, amoebas, and euglena. If you were lucky, you might have witnessed them conjugate and divide!</p><p style="line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0px 0px 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word; white-space: pre-wrap;">Additionally, the ocean water drop allows a peek at copepods, immature mollusks, krill, algae, crustaceans, fish in their zooplankton stage; and you may behold the breathtaking beauty of diatoms, the most common type of phytoplankton in our oceans. </p><p style="line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0px 0px 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word; white-space: pre-wrap;">Switch to a higher-powered Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) to view Water Bears, pollen, blood cells, and insects. An SEM uses a particle beam of electrons to photograph the surface of a vacuum-sealed specimen.</p><p style="line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; white-space: pre-wrap;">Transmission Electron Microscopes(TEM) allows us to see cross-sections of a specimen like the beautiful interior of the human body, marine life, and animal and plant cells. The TEM's particle beam passes through its vacuum sealed specimen. </p></div></div><div class="sqs-block image-block sqs-block-image sqs-col-6 span-6 float float-right sqs-text-ready" data-block-type="5" id="block-yui_3_17_2_1_1594058577592_153844" style="box-sizing: border-box; caret-color: rgb(36, 35, 35); clear: both; color: #242323; float: right; font-family: Lato; font-size: 14px; height: auto; margin-left: 17px; padding: 17px; position: relative; text-size-adjust: auto; width: 406.5px; z-index: 10;"><div class="sqs-block-content" id="yui_3_17_2_1_1609877389647_206"><figure class="sqs-block-image-figure image-block-outer-wrapper image-block-v2 design-layout-card combination-animation-none individual-animation-none individual-text-animation-none image-position-right image-linked sqs-narrow-width sqs-text-ready" data-scrolled="" data-test="image-block-v2-outer-wrapper" id="yui_3_17_2_1_1609877389647_205" style="margin: 0px; position: relative;"><div class="intrinsic" id="yui_3_17_2_1_1609877389647_204" style="position: relative;"><a class="sqs-block-image-link image-inset content-fit" data-animation-role="image" data-description="" href="https://prints.sciencesource.com/featured/1-spirogyra-sp-lm-marek-mis.html" id="yui_3_17_2_1_1609877389647_203" style="color: #1c9bc7; display: block; font-size: inherit; position: relative; text-decoration-line: none;"><img alt="micrograph-shower-curtain.png" class="loaded" data-image-dimensions="453x532" data-image-focal-point="0.5,0.5" data-image-resolution="750w" data-image="https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/53a9e846e4b0e253a509f7ef/1594066688744-EO7MAF6LYGGY7EDMKDB8/ke17ZwdGBToddI8pDm48kOPB9d1jQk2haHQUiFT-EJ5Zw-zPPgdn4jUwVcJE1ZvWEtT5uBSRWt4vQZAgTJucoTqqXjS3CfNDSuuf31e0tVEJHC1T6OGJyBhEjSKWURYOtk9mNHFTA_pgXdeJQvZZhe87Nsj43NRAr6WuWZv5DKs/micrograph-shower-curtain.png" data-parent-ratio="0.9" data-src="https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/53a9e846e4b0e253a509f7ef/1594066688744-EO7MAF6LYGGY7EDMKDB8/ke17ZwdGBToddI8pDm48kOPB9d1jQk2haHQUiFT-EJ5Zw-zPPgdn4jUwVcJE1ZvWEtT5uBSRWt4vQZAgTJucoTqqXjS3CfNDSuuf31e0tVEJHC1T6OGJyBhEjSKWURYOtk9mNHFTA_pgXdeJQvZZhe87Nsj43NRAr6WuWZv5DKs/micrograph-shower-curtain.png" src="https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/53a9e846e4b0e253a509f7ef/1594066688744-EO7MAF6LYGGY7EDMKDB8/ke17ZwdGBToddI8pDm48kOPB9d1jQk2haHQUiFT-EJ5Zw-zPPgdn4jUwVcJE1ZvWEtT5uBSRWt4vQZAgTJucoTqqXjS3CfNDSuuf31e0tVEJHC1T6OGJyBhEjSKWURYOtk9mNHFTA_pgXdeJQvZZhe87Nsj43NRAr6WuWZv5DKs/micrograph-shower-curtain.png?format=750w" style="border: 0px; display: block; height: 437px; left: 0.446429px; opacity: 1; position: absolute; top: 0px; transition: opacity 0.3s ease-out 0s; vertical-align: middle; width: 372.107px;" /><div class="image-overlay" style="content: ""; inset: 0px; position: absolute; z-index: 1;"></div></a></div><figcaption class="image-card-wrapper" data-width-ratio="" style="align-items: center; background-color: white; margin-top: 7.4375px; pointer-events: none; z-index: 2;"><div class="image-card sqs-dynamic-text-container" style="padding: 37.25px 0px; pointer-events: auto;"><div class="image-title-wrapper" style="font-size: 12vw; padding: 0px 37.25px;"><div class="image-title sqs-dynamic-text" data-width-percentage="23.5" style="font-size: 35.7576px; line-height: 1em; min-width: 100%;"><p style="background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0); box-shadow: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0) 0.5em 0px 0px, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0) -0.5em 0px 0px; color: black; display: inline; font-family: Arial; font-size: inherit; font-weight: 700; letter-spacing: 0em; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; white-space: pre-wrap;"><a href="https://prints.sciencesource.com/collections/abstract+nature+art" style="color: black; display: inline; font-size: inherit; text-decoration-line: none;">Nature Micrography Gifts</a></p></div></div><div class="image-subtitle-wrapper" style="font-size: 4.4vw; padding: 0px 37.25px;"><div class="image-subtitle sqs-dynamic-text" data-width-percentage="23.5" style="font-size: 13.1111px; line-height: 1em; margin-top: 11.9062px; min-width: 100%;"><p class="min-font-set" style="color: black; font-family: Arial; font-size: inherit; letter-spacing: 0.01em; line-height: 1.5em; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; white-space: pre-wrap;">Custom homedecor, phone cases, shirts and more.</p></div></div></div></figcaption></figure></div></div><div class="sqs-block html-block sqs-block-html" data-block-type="2" id="block-yui_3_17_2_1_1594058577592_222229" style="caret-color: rgb(36, 35, 35); clear: none; color: #242323; font-family: Lato; font-size: 14px; height: auto; padding: 17px; position: relative; text-size-adjust: auto;"><div class="sqs-block-content" style="outline: none;"><p style="line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0px 0px 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word; white-space: pre-wrap;">Of course, there are critical medical applications. </p><p style="line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0px 0px 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word; white-space: pre-wrap;">We can view the cells of the human body with many different microscopes. The light mic, SEM, and TEM show scientists and medical researchers different angles and aspects of the cell and its fine structures and organelles. </p><p style="line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0px 0px 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word; white-space: pre-wrap;">Microscopes help scientists study cancer - breast, ovarian, prostate, liver, and skin cancer. We can develop an improved understanding of skin conditions such as psoriasis and eczema. They assist in the fight against nervous, respiratory, and circulatory system diseases. And a cure for muscular conditions such as fibromyalgia and multiple sclerosis (MS) and autoimmune conditions.</p><p style="line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0px 0px 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word; white-space: pre-wrap;">Infectious agents such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, prions, and parasites can be examined. It allows us to better understand, diagnose, and work towards cures, vaccines, or prevention. </p><p style="line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0px 0px 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word; white-space: pre-wrap;">And without the microscope, how could we progress in the fight against the seasonal flu, measles, polio, malaria, and HIV/AIDS.</p><p style="line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0px 0px 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word; white-space: pre-wrap;">If light, lasers, electrons, and quantum physics are not enough, there is even a microscopy method, similar to SONAR, that uses sound waves; Acoustic Microscopy.</p><p style="line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0px 0px 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word; white-space: pre-wrap;">Lastly, without these microscopes, we would not be able to continue our current fight against the Coronavirus, COVID-19. </p><p style="line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br style="overflow-wrap: break-word; word-wrap: break-word;" /></p></div></div>sciencesourcebloghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01565368098320995948noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5525958634802295662.post-86580124151617345952020-12-22T15:27:00.001-05:002022-02-25T17:39:18.186-05:00Medical Micrographs: a View into the Human Body<p> </p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-G4U-nN8AxPU/X-JPYo4YpGI/AAAAAAAADGQ/KzlupnIcILUUnQ9PlHnRJzz4p3ypsCllwCNcBGAsYHQ/s1200/bone-sem-SS2559898.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="675" data-original-width="1200" height="360" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-G4U-nN8AxPU/X-JPYo4YpGI/AAAAAAAADGQ/KzlupnIcILUUnQ9PlHnRJzz4p3ypsCllwCNcBGAsYHQ/w640-h360/bone-sem-SS2559898.jpg" width="640" /></a></div><br /><p></p><div class="sqs-block html-block sqs-block-html" data-block-type="2" id="block-4e0e945c7998f66283c8" style="caret-color: rgb(36, 35, 35); clear: none; color: #242323; font-family: Lato; font-size: 14px; height: auto; padding: 0px 17px 17px; position: relative; text-size-adjust: auto;"><div class="sqs-block-content" id="yui_3_17_2_1_1608668360804_350" style="outline: none;"><h3 id="yui_3_17_2_1_1608668360804_349" style="color: #222222; font-family: proxima-nova; font-size: 14px; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: 0.7px; line-height: 1.2em; margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; white-space: pre-wrap;">science has advanced exponentially in the last century. Even just the way the human body and pathology are viewed. We’ve gone from the basic x-ray to be able to see a single cell in the human body. Or even smaller.</h3><h3 style="color: #222222; font-family: proxima-nova; font-size: 14px; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: 0.7px; line-height: 1.2em; margin: 1em 0px 0.5em; white-space: pre-wrap;">One of the most fascinating innovations has been the Scanning Electron Micrograph, often referred to simply as an SEM for short. It has revealed hidden worlds of the human body, medical, and of course the natural world as well. </h3><h2 style="color: #222222; font-family: futura-pt; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: 2.01px; line-height: 1.2em; margin: 1em 0px 0.5em; text-align: center; white-space: pre-wrap;"><a href="https://www.sciencesource.com/Share/i5itgu17h7386p2u8s21hl46ipkdx2e7" style="color: #1c9bc7; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration-line: none;"><strong style="overflow-wrap: break-word;">Gallery of Medical and Anatomical SEMs (micrographs) Stock Photography</strong></a></h2><h3 style="color: #222222; font-family: proxima-nova; font-size: 14px; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: 0.7px; line-height: 1.2em; margin: 1em 0px 0.5em; white-space: pre-wrap;"> </h3><h3 style="color: #222222; font-family: proxima-nova; font-size: 14px; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: 0.7px; line-height: 1.2em; margin: 1em 0px 0px; white-space: pre-wrap;">The scanning electron microscope was invented in 1937 by Manfred von Ardenne the SEM machine uses electrons to record the surface topography of objects. </h3><div class="image-block-wrapper has-aspect-ratio" data-animation-role="image" id="yui_3_17_2_1_1608668360804_114" style="line-height: 0; overflow: hidden; padding-bottom: 327.969px; position: relative; text-align: center;"><img alt="SEM of Maple Leaf Tote bag" class="thumb-image loaded" data-image-dimensions="880x1132" data-image-focal-point="0.5,0.5" data-image-id="5f2d979343f076787ceda5ba" data-image-resolution="750w" data-image="https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/53a9e846e4b0e253a509f7ef/1596823445855-WDR2LDZFLMG8POTKH3WG/ke17ZwdGBToddI8pDm48kOmNRMBBWfiyfutimsCBnzsUqsxRUqqbr1mOJYKfIPR7LoDQ9mXPOjoJoqy81S2I8PaoYXhp6HxIwZIk7-Mi3Tsic-L2IOPH3Dwrhl-Ne3Z2e9JZCnfZG85g-qzGCxWg9kXj230ZjT75y8IhIbLMo0QKMshLAGzx4R3EDFOm1kBS/Screen+Shot+2020-08-07+at+2.03.37+PM.png" data-load="false" data-src="https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/53a9e846e4b0e253a509f7ef/1596823445855-WDR2LDZFLMG8POTKH3WG/ke17ZwdGBToddI8pDm48kOmNRMBBWfiyfutimsCBnzsUqsxRUqqbr1mOJYKfIPR7LoDQ9mXPOjoJoqy81S2I8PaoYXhp6HxIwZIk7-Mi3Tsic-L2IOPH3Dwrhl-Ne3Z2e9JZCnfZG85g-qzGCxWg9kXj230ZjT75y8IhIbLMo0QKMshLAGzx4R3EDFOm1kBS/Screen+Shot+2020-08-07+at+2.03.37+PM.png" data-type="image" src="https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/53a9e846e4b0e253a509f7ef/1596823445855-WDR2LDZFLMG8POTKH3WG/ke17ZwdGBToddI8pDm48kOmNRMBBWfiyfutimsCBnzsUqsxRUqqbr1mOJYKfIPR7LoDQ9mXPOjoJoqy81S2I8PaoYXhp6HxIwZIk7-Mi3Tsic-L2IOPH3Dwrhl-Ne3Z2e9JZCnfZG85g-qzGCxWg9kXj230ZjT75y8IhIbLMo0QKMshLAGzx4R3EDFOm1kBS/Screen+Shot+2020-08-07+at+2.03.37+PM.png?format=750w" style="border: 0px; display: block; height: 327.969px; left: -8.99057px; max-width: none; opacity: 1; position: absolute; top: 0px; transition: opacity 0.3s ease-out 0s; vertical-align: middle; width: 254.953px;" /></div></div></div><div class="sqs-block image-block sqs-block-image sqs-col-4 span-4 float float-right sqs-text-ready" data-aspect-ratio="138.39662447257385" data-block-type="5" id="block-yui_3_17_2_1_1587651943391_5205" style="box-sizing: border-box; caret-color: rgb(36, 35, 35); clear: both; color: #242323; float: right; font-family: Lato; font-size: 14px; height: auto; margin-left: 17px; padding: 17px; position: relative; text-size-adjust: auto; width: 270.984px; z-index: 10;"><div class="sqs-block-content" id="yui_3_17_2_1_1608668360804_118"><div class="image-block-outer-wrapper layout-caption-below design-layout-inline combination-animation-none individual-animation-none individual-text-animation-none sqs-narrow-width" data-test="image-block-inline-outer-wrapper" id="yui_3_17_2_1_1608668360804_117"><figure class="sqs-block-image-figure intrinsic" id="yui_3_17_2_1_1608668360804_116" style="margin: auto; max-width: 880px;"><a class="sqs-block-image-link" href="https://prints.sciencesource.com/featured/7-diatoms-eating-a-maple-leaf-ted-kinsman.html?product=tote-bag" id="yui_3_17_2_1_1608668360804_115" style="color: #1c9bc7; display: block; text-decoration-line: none;" target="_blank"></a><figcaption class="image-caption-wrapper" style="padding-top: 18px;"><div class="image-caption"><p style="font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.68em; margin: 0px 0px 1em; white-space: pre-wrap;">SEM of Maple Leaf Tote bag</p></div></figcaption></figure></div></div></div>sciencesourcebloghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01565368098320995948noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5525958634802295662.post-19111931831419019882020-02-13T13:41:00.001-05:002022-02-25T17:51:47.005-05:00Bringing to Light, Creatures of Darkness<div class="sqs-block html-block sqs-block-html" data-block-type="2" id="block-e37eb58a862f4647f443" style="box-shadow: rgba(128, 128, 128, 0) 0px 0px 0px 1px inset; caret-color: rgb(93, 91, 91); clear: none; color: #5d5b5b; font-family: Lato; font-size: 14px; height: auto; outline: none; padding: 0px 17px 17px; position: relative; text-size-adjust: auto; transition: box-shadow 0.2s ease-in-out 0s;">
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Danté Fenolio, Ph.D., has devoted his life to bringing rarely seen creatures to light through his beautiful and eerie photography. </div>
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<img alt="Danté Fenolio Caving in China" class="thumb-image loaded" data-image-dimensions="800x600" data-image-focal-point="0.5,0.5" data-image-id="5e44705c41cab7547482258d" data-image-resolution="750w" data-image="https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/53a9e846e4b0e253a509f7ef/1581543516965-HLHRNFYWS8FCF2WHNB61/ke17ZwdGBToddI8pDm48kPoswlzjSVMM-SxOp7CV59BZw-zPPgdn4jUwVcJE1ZvWQUxwkmyExglNqGp0IvTJZamWLI2zvYWH8K3-s_4yszcp2ryTI0HqTOaaUohrI8PIeQMKeWYgwh6Mn73n2eZmZLHHpcPIxgL2SArp_rN2M_AKMshLAGzx4R3EDFOm1kBS/Fenolio+Caving+in+China-800.jpg" data-load="false" data-src="https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/53a9e846e4b0e253a509f7ef/1581543516965-HLHRNFYWS8FCF2WHNB61/ke17ZwdGBToddI8pDm48kPoswlzjSVMM-SxOp7CV59BZw-zPPgdn4jUwVcJE1ZvWQUxwkmyExglNqGp0IvTJZamWLI2zvYWH8K3-s_4yszcp2ryTI0HqTOaaUohrI8PIeQMKeWYgwh6Mn73n2eZmZLHHpcPIxgL2SArp_rN2M_AKMshLAGzx4R3EDFOm1kBS/Fenolio+Caving+in+China-800.jpg" data-type="image" src="https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/53a9e846e4b0e253a509f7ef/1581543516965-HLHRNFYWS8FCF2WHNB61/ke17ZwdGBToddI8pDm48kPoswlzjSVMM-SxOp7CV59BZw-zPPgdn4jUwVcJE1ZvWQUxwkmyExglNqGp0IvTJZamWLI2zvYWH8K3-s_4yszcp2ryTI0HqTOaaUohrI8PIeQMKeWYgwh6Mn73n2eZmZLHHpcPIxgL2SArp_rN2M_AKMshLAGzx4R3EDFOm1kBS/Fenolio+Caving+in+China-800.jpg?format=750w" style="border: 0px; display: block; height: 228.75px; left: -0.166667px; max-width: none; opacity: 1; position: absolute; top: 0px; transition: opacity 0.3s ease-out 0s; vertical-align: middle; width: 305.328px;" /></div>
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Danté Fenolio Caving in China</div>
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He's brought us images from habitats without light: caves, the bottom of the ocean, and the canopies of the rainforest. Not interested in the typical, but seeking out underappreciated and rarely seen creatures to highlight the need for conservation of the world's biodiversity. </div>
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<a href="https://www.sciencesource.com/Share/8x04ybpk5hass8fs7x34a47677n55b2o" style="color: #1c9bc7; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration-line: none;"> Danté Fenolio’s Photo Gallery</a></div>
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Science Source Images is proud to represent several exclusive photographs from his collection. Discover a Fangtooth from the Gulf of Mexico, a colony of Siphonophore, orange and red-colored Jellies, transparent Batfish, blind albino Salamanders. Creatures so unusual, they may not seem real, but they are part of the wonder of our planet. </div>
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Fenolio is not only a successful author, adventure photographer, but runs the Conservation and Research Department at the San Antonio Zoo. His many projects to save animals and their habitats span the globe. Along with China, Peru, Japan, and Chile he works in the United States. His efforts range from the Ozarks, Oklahoma to Georgia. </div>
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Bringing focus to blind cave fish, Japanese Giant Salamander and endangered Chilean amphibians.</div>
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<a class="image-slide-anchor content-fill" data-description="<p>A deep water jellyfish. This specimen was collected by an ROV at 2,100m depth in the Gulf of Mexico, 2019. Image courtesy of the Journey into Midnight project, NOAA/OER.</p>" data-lightbox-theme="dark" data-title="SS22362466" href="https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/53a9e846e4b0e253a509f7ef/1581543483303-OD68Q0Y7VZFONLWOXP0Q/ke17ZwdGBToddI8pDm48kKKqoqYguzupexW3DXV3-UJZw-zPPgdn4jUwVcJE1ZvWQUxwkmyExglNqGp0IvTJZUJFbgE-7XRK3dMEBRBhUpxLjrkrPVp1FahvuKJqgD-dWGu6cgPiPpDh5xGEdlXVfEfrl2hZO5nQgtINvVnABcU/ScienceSource_SS22362466.jpg" id="yui_3_17_2_1_1581619161499_255" style="border-bottom-style: none; color: #1c9bc7; cursor: default; display: block; height: 0px; overflow: hidden; padding-bottom: 201.328px; text-decoration-line: none; width: 201.328px;"><img alt="SS22362466" class="thumb-image loaded" data-image-dimensions="700x467" data-image-focal-point="0.48299319727891155,0.34231505102040816" data-image-id="5e44703b60eb477252cecde8" data-image-resolution="750w" data-image="https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/53a9e846e4b0e253a509f7ef/1581543483303-OD68Q0Y7VZFONLWOXP0Q/ke17ZwdGBToddI8pDm48kKKqoqYguzupexW3DXV3-UJZw-zPPgdn4jUwVcJE1ZvWQUxwkmyExglNqGp0IvTJZUJFbgE-7XRK3dMEBRBhUpxLjrkrPVp1FahvuKJqgD-dWGu6cgPiPpDh5xGEdlXVfEfrl2hZO5nQgtINvVnABcU/ScienceSource_SS22362466.jpg" data-load="false" data-parent-ratio="1.0" data-src="https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/53a9e846e4b0e253a509f7ef/1581543483303-OD68Q0Y7VZFONLWOXP0Q/ke17ZwdGBToddI8pDm48kKKqoqYguzupexW3DXV3-UJZw-zPPgdn4jUwVcJE1ZvWQUxwkmyExglNqGp0IvTJZUJFbgE-7XRK3dMEBRBhUpxLjrkrPVp1FahvuKJqgD-dWGu6cgPiPpDh5xGEdlXVfEfrl2hZO5nQgtINvVnABcU/ScienceSource_SS22362466.jpg" data-type="image" src="https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/53a9e846e4b0e253a509f7ef/1581543483303-OD68Q0Y7VZFONLWOXP0Q/ke17ZwdGBToddI8pDm48kKKqoqYguzupexW3DXV3-UJZw-zPPgdn4jUwVcJE1ZvWQUxwkmyExglNqGp0IvTJZUJFbgE-7XRK3dMEBRBhUpxLjrkrPVp1FahvuKJqgD-dWGu6cgPiPpDh5xGEdlXVfEfrl2hZO5nQgtINvVnABcU/ScienceSource_SS22362466.jpg?format=750w" style="border: 0px; cursor: pointer; display: inline-block; height: 201px; left: -45.0185px; opacity: 1; position: relative; top: 0px; transition: opacity 0.3s ease-out 0s; vertical-align: middle; width: 301.285px;" /></a></div>
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<a class="image-slide-anchor content-fill" data-description="<p>The Texas Blind Salamander (Eurycea rathbuni), is an obligate inhabitant of groundwater. This species only lives in the Edwards Aquifer and is known from sites in a small region of the middle of the state. Excessive removal of groundwater and contamination of the resource threatens this species with intensive agricultural activities taking place on the surface above the Edwards Aquifer. The USFWS lists the species as endangered. The suite of characters associated with life below ground are readily observable in this species with a decrease in pigment, no eyes, a flattened and spade shaped head, and neoteny (reproductive capability in a larval body form). The San Antonio Zoo’s Center for Conservation & Research is working to develop methods for the captive reproduction of the species. This individual was photographed in a conservation breeding lab, 2018.</p>" data-lightbox-theme="dark" data-title="SS22344275" href="https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/53a9e846e4b0e253a509f7ef/1581543482858-98B1LWSC6YL8ZXQUKCBE/ke17ZwdGBToddI8pDm48kKKqoqYguzupexW3DXV3-UJZw-zPPgdn4jUwVcJE1ZvWQUxwkmyExglNqGp0IvTJZUJFbgE-7XRK3dMEBRBhUpxLjrkrPVp1FahvuKJqgD-dWGu6cgPiPpDh5xGEdlXVfEfrl2hZO5nQgtINvVnABcU/ScienceSource_SS22344275.jpg" id="yui_3_17_2_1_1581619161499_261" style="border-bottom-style: none; color: #1c9bc7; cursor: default; display: block; height: 0px; overflow: hidden; padding-bottom: 201.328px; text-decoration-line: none; width: 201.328px;"><img alt="SS22344275" class="thumb-image loaded" data-image-dimensions="700x467" data-image-focal-point="0.6394557823129252,0.4341517857142857" data-image-id="5e44703a60eb477252cecdde" data-image-resolution="750w" data-image="https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/53a9e846e4b0e253a509f7ef/1581543482858-98B1LWSC6YL8ZXQUKCBE/ke17ZwdGBToddI8pDm48kKKqoqYguzupexW3DXV3-UJZw-zPPgdn4jUwVcJE1ZvWQUxwkmyExglNqGp0IvTJZUJFbgE-7XRK3dMEBRBhUpxLjrkrPVp1FahvuKJqgD-dWGu6cgPiPpDh5xGEdlXVfEfrl2hZO5nQgtINvVnABcU/ScienceSource_SS22344275.jpg" data-load="false" data-parent-ratio="1.0" data-src="https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/53a9e846e4b0e253a509f7ef/1581543482858-98B1LWSC6YL8ZXQUKCBE/ke17ZwdGBToddI8pDm48kKKqoqYguzupexW3DXV3-UJZw-zPPgdn4jUwVcJE1ZvWQUxwkmyExglNqGp0IvTJZUJFbgE-7XRK3dMEBRBhUpxLjrkrPVp1FahvuKJqgD-dWGu6cgPiPpDh5xGEdlXVfEfrl2hZO5nQgtINvVnABcU/ScienceSource_SS22344275.jpg" data-type="image" src="https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/53a9e846e4b0e253a509f7ef/1581543482858-98B1LWSC6YL8ZXQUKCBE/ke17ZwdGBToddI8pDm48kKKqoqYguzupexW3DXV3-UJZw-zPPgdn4jUwVcJE1ZvWQUxwkmyExglNqGp0IvTJZUJFbgE-7XRK3dMEBRBhUpxLjrkrPVp1FahvuKJqgD-dWGu6cgPiPpDh5xGEdlXVfEfrl2hZO5nQgtINvVnABcU/ScienceSource_SS22344275.jpg?format=750w" style="border: 0px; cursor: pointer; display: inline-block; height: 201px; left: -92.1583px; opacity: 1; position: relative; top: 0px; transition: opacity 0.3s ease-out 0s; vertical-align: middle; width: 301.285px;" /></a></div>
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<a class="image-slide-anchor content-fill" data-description="<p> </p>" data-lightbox-theme="dark" data-title="" href="https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/53a9e846e4b0e253a509f7ef/1581543461590-HTLROW5MVD8TB2IBXXXK/ke17ZwdGBToddI8pDm48kFHZmhi0OfqE73wOkLZI_cZZw-zPPgdn4jUwVcJE1ZvWQUxwkmyExglNqGp0IvTJZUJFbgE-7XRK3dMEBRBhUpw25Qi-PQTVuor_HhRbPbhvGJEQDO5wtJbKXcTfaH_qC_MIjC7AM7-2NrOLrN_pAMc/Japanese+King+Crab%2C+Macrocheira+kaempferi%2C+No5.jpg" id="yui_3_17_2_1_1581619161499_267" style="border-bottom-style: none; color: #1c9bc7; cursor: default; display: block; height: 0px; overflow: hidden; padding-bottom: 201.328px; text-decoration-line: none; width: 201.328px;"><img alt="" class="thumb-image loaded" data-image-dimensions="700x773" data-image-focal-point="0.519266917293233,0.2925170068027211" data-image-id="5e44702558798d25bb40fc3b" data-image-resolution="500w" data-image="https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/53a9e846e4b0e253a509f7ef/1581543461590-HTLROW5MVD8TB2IBXXXK/ke17ZwdGBToddI8pDm48kFHZmhi0OfqE73wOkLZI_cZZw-zPPgdn4jUwVcJE1ZvWQUxwkmyExglNqGp0IvTJZUJFbgE-7XRK3dMEBRBhUpw25Qi-PQTVuor_HhRbPbhvGJEQDO5wtJbKXcTfaH_qC_MIjC7AM7-2NrOLrN_pAMc/Japanese+King+Crab%2C+Macrocheira+kaempferi%2C+No5.jpg" data-load="false" data-parent-ratio="1.0" data-src="https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/53a9e846e4b0e253a509f7ef/1581543461590-HTLROW5MVD8TB2IBXXXK/ke17ZwdGBToddI8pDm48kFHZmhi0OfqE73wOkLZI_cZZw-zPPgdn4jUwVcJE1ZvWQUxwkmyExglNqGp0IvTJZUJFbgE-7XRK3dMEBRBhUpw25Qi-PQTVuor_HhRbPbhvGJEQDO5wtJbKXcTfaH_qC_MIjC7AM7-2NrOLrN_pAMc/Japanese+King+Crab%2C+Macrocheira+kaempferi%2C+No5.jpg" data-type="image" src="https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/53a9e846e4b0e253a509f7ef/1581543461590-HTLROW5MVD8TB2IBXXXK/ke17ZwdGBToddI8pDm48kFHZmhi0OfqE73wOkLZI_cZZw-zPPgdn4jUwVcJE1ZvWQUxwkmyExglNqGp0IvTJZUJFbgE-7XRK3dMEBRBhUpw25Qi-PQTVuor_HhRbPbhvGJEQDO5wtJbKXcTfaH_qC_MIjC7AM7-2NrOLrN_pAMc/Japanese+King+Crab%2C+Macrocheira+kaempferi%2C+No5.jpg?format=500w" style="border: 0px; cursor: pointer; display: inline-block; height: 221.961px; left: 0px; opacity: 1; position: relative; top: 0px; transition: opacity 0.3s ease-out 0s; vertical-align: middle; width: 201px;" /></a></div>
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<a class="image-slide-anchor content-fill" data-description="<p>A juvenile Pancake Batfish (Halieutichthys aculeatus) trawled from between 200m depth and the surface, Gulf of Mexico, July 2018. The adults live on the sea floor in a benthic lifestyle and have been found at depths below 800m. The adults have a body that is flattened out like a pancake and they have modified fins for walking along the bottom. The larval and juvenile fishes inhabit the water column. Image courtesy of the DEEPEND project.</p>" data-lightbox-theme="dark" data-title="SS22346019" href="https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/53a9e846e4b0e253a509f7ef/1581543482876-LUIQV65WJRCFF4OMJX1Z/ke17ZwdGBToddI8pDm48kKKqoqYguzupexW3DXV3-UJZw-zPPgdn4jUwVcJE1ZvWQUxwkmyExglNqGp0IvTJZUJFbgE-7XRK3dMEBRBhUpxLjrkrPVp1FahvuKJqgD-dWGu6cgPiPpDh5xGEdlXVfEfrl2hZO5nQgtINvVnABcU/ScienceSource_SS22346019.jpg" id="yui_3_17_2_1_1581619161499_273" style="border-bottom-style: none; color: #1c9bc7; cursor: default; display: block; height: 0px; overflow: hidden; padding-bottom: 201.328px; text-decoration-line: none; width: 201.328px;"><img alt="SS22346019" class="thumb-image loaded" data-image-dimensions="700x467" data-image-focal-point="0.42857142857142855,0.3627232142857143" data-image-id="5e44703a9ffc7f4c6be75d78" data-image-resolution="750w" data-image="https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/53a9e846e4b0e253a509f7ef/1581543482876-LUIQV65WJRCFF4OMJX1Z/ke17ZwdGBToddI8pDm48kKKqoqYguzupexW3DXV3-UJZw-zPPgdn4jUwVcJE1ZvWQUxwkmyExglNqGp0IvTJZUJFbgE-7XRK3dMEBRBhUpxLjrkrPVp1FahvuKJqgD-dWGu6cgPiPpDh5xGEdlXVfEfrl2hZO5nQgtINvVnABcU/ScienceSource_SS22346019.jpg" data-load="false" data-parent-ratio="1.0" data-src="https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/53a9e846e4b0e253a509f7ef/1581543482876-LUIQV65WJRCFF4OMJX1Z/ke17ZwdGBToddI8pDm48kKKqoqYguzupexW3DXV3-UJZw-zPPgdn4jUwVcJE1ZvWQUxwkmyExglNqGp0IvTJZUJFbgE-7XRK3dMEBRBhUpxLjrkrPVp1FahvuKJqgD-dWGu6cgPiPpDh5xGEdlXVfEfrl2hZO5nQgtINvVnABcU/ScienceSource_SS22346019.jpg" data-type="image" src="https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/53a9e846e4b0e253a509f7ef/1581543482876-LUIQV65WJRCFF4OMJX1Z/ke17ZwdGBToddI8pDm48kKKqoqYguzupexW3DXV3-UJZw-zPPgdn4jUwVcJE1ZvWQUxwkmyExglNqGp0IvTJZUJFbgE-7XRK3dMEBRBhUpxLjrkrPVp1FahvuKJqgD-dWGu6cgPiPpDh5xGEdlXVfEfrl2hZO5nQgtINvVnABcU/ScienceSource_SS22346019.jpg?format=750w" style="border: 0px; cursor: pointer; display: inline-block; height: 201px; left: -28.6221px; opacity: 1; position: relative; top: 0px; transition: opacity 0.3s ease-out 0s; vertical-align: middle; width: 301.285px;" /></a></div>
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<a class="image-slide-anchor content-fill" data-description="" data-lightbox-theme="dark" data-title="" href="https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/53a9e846e4b0e253a509f7ef/1581543461430-4UBSN31ATGH7C1O6XMYZ/ke17ZwdGBToddI8pDm48kMUgBObVOLXXV_gDIGeUPldZw-zPPgdn4jUwVcJE1ZvWQUxwkmyExglNqGp0IvTJZUJFbgE-7XRK3dMEBRBhUpwuk1oocypOAEloyi1SsFFxi1yzQUPlGSoQHAz6POiNSUz0TQeXr0_LyRZ6ZfKTwE4/Fenolio+with+a+toad%2C+Amazonian+Peru%2C+September+2017%2C+B+%26+W.jpg" id="yui_3_17_2_1_1581619161499_279" style="border-bottom-style: none; color: #1c9bc7; cursor: default; display: block; height: 0px; overflow: hidden; padding-bottom: 201.328px; text-decoration-line: none; width: 201.328px;"><img alt="Fenolio with a toad, Amazonian Peru, September 2017, B & W.jpg" class="thumb-image loaded" data-image-dimensions="700x524" data-image-focal-point="0.43537414965986393,0.47755681818181817" data-image-id="5e447025a51bf24d25cfb420" data-image-resolution="750w" data-image="https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/53a9e846e4b0e253a509f7ef/1581543461430-4UBSN31ATGH7C1O6XMYZ/ke17ZwdGBToddI8pDm48kMUgBObVOLXXV_gDIGeUPldZw-zPPgdn4jUwVcJE1ZvWQUxwkmyExglNqGp0IvTJZUJFbgE-7XRK3dMEBRBhUpwuk1oocypOAEloyi1SsFFxi1yzQUPlGSoQHAz6POiNSUz0TQeXr0_LyRZ6ZfKTwE4/Fenolio+with+a+toad%2C+Amazonian+Peru%2C+September+2017%2C+B+%26+W.jpg" data-load="false" data-parent-ratio="1.0" data-src="https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/53a9e846e4b0e253a509f7ef/1581543461430-4UBSN31ATGH7C1O6XMYZ/ke17ZwdGBToddI8pDm48kMUgBObVOLXXV_gDIGeUPldZw-zPPgdn4jUwVcJE1ZvWQUxwkmyExglNqGp0IvTJZUJFbgE-7XRK3dMEBRBhUpwuk1oocypOAEloyi1SsFFxi1yzQUPlGSoQHAz6POiNSUz0TQeXr0_LyRZ6ZfKTwE4/Fenolio+with+a+toad%2C+Amazonian+Peru%2C+September+2017%2C+B+%26+W.jpg" data-type="image" src="https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/53a9e846e4b0e253a509f7ef/1581543461430-4UBSN31ATGH7C1O6XMYZ/ke17ZwdGBToddI8pDm48kMUgBObVOLXXV_gDIGeUPldZw-zPPgdn4jUwVcJE1ZvWQUxwkmyExglNqGp0IvTJZUJFbgE-7XRK3dMEBRBhUpwuk1oocypOAEloyi1SsFFxi1yzQUPlGSoQHAz6POiNSUz0TQeXr0_LyRZ6ZfKTwE4/Fenolio+with+a+toad%2C+Amazonian+Peru%2C+September+2017%2C+B+%26+W.jpg?format=750w" style="border: 0px; cursor: pointer; display: inline-block; height: 201px; left: -16.4029px; opacity: 1; position: relative; top: 0px; transition: opacity 0.3s ease-out 0s; vertical-align: middle; width: 268.511px;" /></a></div>
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<a class="image-slide-anchor content-fill" data-description="<p>The Fangtooth, Anoplogaster cornuta, is a predatory fish inhabiting depths between 300 and 5300 meters. Because it exploits such great depths, it lives in darkness. Juveniles do not have the massive teeth that the species is famous for. These giant teeth of adults ensure capture of potential prey items. The jaw opens up wide enough to virtually turn the entire front end of the animal into an open mouth. The lateral line organ of the fish can be seen in all of the grooves crossing the face of this predator. The lateral line system detects movement of potential prey items in the dark, without using vision. It was trawled in the Gulf of Mexico, 2016, from between 1,000 meters and 600 meters depth. Image courtesy of the DEEPEND project.</p>" data-lightbox-theme="dark" data-title="SS22346042" href="https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/53a9e846e4b0e253a509f7ef/1581543483261-EAPCJO55V8WIMRNPMTXH/ke17ZwdGBToddI8pDm48kH_dVAIxBhyfkDooDSjOkWpZw-zPPgdn4jUwVcJE1ZvWQUxwkmyExglNqGp0IvTJZUJFbgE-7XRK3dMEBRBhUpx_6cFypdXGdvuXuv-CwRIHEaVybxjx7JJgALiTUGExZKD4cq3oSX68_QDcb3BPud0/ScienceSource_SS22346042-2.jpg" id="yui_3_17_2_1_1581619161499_285" style="border-bottom-style: none; color: #1c9bc7; cursor: default; display: block; height: 0px; overflow: hidden; padding-bottom: 201.328px; text-decoration-line: none; width: 201.328px;"><img alt="SS22346042" class="thumb-image loaded" data-image-dimensions="700x418" data-image-focal-point="0.19047619047619047,0.583984375" data-image-id="5e44703b0b0355603b8bb298" data-image-resolution="750w" data-image="https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/53a9e846e4b0e253a509f7ef/1581543483261-EAPCJO55V8WIMRNPMTXH/ke17ZwdGBToddI8pDm48kH_dVAIxBhyfkDooDSjOkWpZw-zPPgdn4jUwVcJE1ZvWQUxwkmyExglNqGp0IvTJZUJFbgE-7XRK3dMEBRBhUpx_6cFypdXGdvuXuv-CwRIHEaVybxjx7JJgALiTUGExZKD4cq3oSX68_QDcb3BPud0/ScienceSource_SS22346042-2.jpg" data-load="false" data-parent-ratio="1.0" data-src="https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/53a9e846e4b0e253a509f7ef/1581543483261-EAPCJO55V8WIMRNPMTXH/ke17ZwdGBToddI8pDm48kH_dVAIxBhyfkDooDSjOkWpZw-zPPgdn4jUwVcJE1ZvWQUxwkmyExglNqGp0IvTJZUJFbgE-7XRK3dMEBRBhUpx_6cFypdXGdvuXuv-CwRIHEaVybxjx7JJgALiTUGExZKD4cq3oSX68_QDcb3BPud0/ScienceSource_SS22346042-2.jpg" data-type="image" src="https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/53a9e846e4b0e253a509f7ef/1581543483261-EAPCJO55V8WIMRNPMTXH/ke17ZwdGBToddI8pDm48kH_dVAIxBhyfkDooDSjOkWpZw-zPPgdn4jUwVcJE1ZvWQUxwkmyExglNqGp0IvTJZUJFbgE-7XRK3dMEBRBhUpx_6cFypdXGdvuXuv-CwRIHEaVybxjx7JJgALiTUGExZKD4cq3oSX68_QDcb3BPud0/ScienceSource_SS22346042-2.jpg?format=750w" style="border: 0px; cursor: pointer; display: inline-block; height: 201px; left: 0px; opacity: 1; position: relative; top: 0px; transition: opacity 0.3s ease-out 0s; vertical-align: middle; width: 336.603px;" /></a></div>
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sciencesourcebloghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01565368098320995948noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5525958634802295662.post-6753245140974074722019-12-20T16:04:00.000-05:002019-12-20T16:04:00.963-05:00The History of Christmas<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://www.sciencesource.com/CS.aspx?RH=760&RW=1400&SMLS=1&VBID=2OPESQQYRONG8&VP3=SearchResult"><img alt="an image of a blimp delivering christmas gifts, etching" border="0" data-original-height="506" data-original-width="900" height="356" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-qjV9OyCk9O4/Xf02LG_2nQI/AAAAAAAADDE/3Cqw62441ngCYGjHBP73cohp-219gA6KwCNcBGAsYHQ/s640/history-christmas.jpg" title="history of christmas" width="640" /></a><span id="goog_94161457"></span><a href="https://www.blogger.com/"></a><span id="goog_94161458"></span></div>
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As people put up Christmas trees and decorate their homes, it’s easy to believe these traditions have been around since the year one, but Christmas and the holidays surrounding December 25th have taken many forms.</h3>
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The origin of Christmas comes from three sources: it is the date of the winter solstice on the Roman calendar, it is about nine months from the vernal equinox (March 25th) and it is the date set for the birth of Christ.</h3>
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Before Christendom the Roman Empire celebrated Saturnalia, a holiday honoring the Roman god, Saturn, the farther of Jupiter. During Saturnalia social customs were flipped upside down. Slaves ate at their master’s tables, women flirted with men and gambling was permitted. Saturnalia also involved public banquets and gift giving, which may have influenced later Christian traditions. There were even reports of naked caroling!</h3>
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<a href="https://www.sciencesource.com/CS.aspx?RH=760&RW=1400&SMLS=1&VBID=2OPESQQYRONG8&VP3=SearchResult" style="color: #1c9bc7; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration-line: none;">Origins of Christmas stock Image Gallery</a></h3>
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<a href="http://prints.sciencesource.com/collections/christmas+holiday+cards" id="yui_3_17_2_1_1576875702808_111" style="color: #1c9bc7; text-decoration-line: none;"><div class="image-block-wrapper has-aspect-ratio" data-animation-tier="1" data-description="<p class="">Cards, prints, tote-bags and more</p>" id="yui_3_17_2_1_1576875702808_110" style="line-height: 0; overflow: hidden; padding-bottom: 326px; position: relative; text-align: center;">
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Cards, prints, tote-bags and more</div>
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The Christmas tree has its origins in 16th century Germany. While writing a sermon at night in a starry evergreen forest, the Protestant Christian reformer, Martin Luther, is said to have added lighted candles to a tree and put it into his house. Other Protestant Germans brought similar trees into their homes and the tradition spread. By the second half of the 19th century, the tradition had moved beyond Germany, first among the upper classes and eventually into lower areas of society.</h3>
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<br style="word-wrap: break-word;" /> While you are making your shopping rounds this holiday season, attending religious services or making time to be with family, reflect on the long history behind the season. Be sure to also check out great holiday gifts below and click the links above to see more historical images of the origins of Christmas. </h3>
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From all of us from Science Source Merry Christmas and Happy Holidays! </h3>
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<a href="http://prints.sciencesource.com/collections/christmas+holiday+cards" style="color: #1c9bc7; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration-line: none;">Christmas cards, prints and other gifts</a></div>
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sciencesourcebloghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01565368098320995948noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5525958634802295662.post-64836466329196937322019-11-01T16:04:00.001-04:002019-11-01T16:04:35.164-04:00Rising Sea Levels<div class="" id="yui_3_17_2_1_1572636879480_339" style="white-space: pre-wrap;">
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<a href="https://www.sciencesource.com/CS.aspx?RH=867&RW=1593&SMLS=1&VBID=2OPESQI1IIRR7&VP3=SearchResult"><img border="0" data-original-height="675" data-original-width="1200" height="360" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-a4wLTWKpw4E/XbyNTxnKQEI/AAAAAAAADBY/I8bS9PiG_osSwZoqhX6twcyusb_6CpqLQCNcBGAsYHQ/s640/rising-sea-levels.jpg" width="640" /></a></div>
<span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;">One of the most significant challenges related to global climate change is rising sea levels. Since the beginning of the 20th-century, sea levels have gradually risen by 16 - 21 cm (6.3 - 8.3 in).</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;">The rise in sea levels has also accelerated over time due to thermal expansion (the change in the volume and area of matter due to increased temperatures) and the melting of ice sheets and arctic glaciers. </span></div>
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<a href="https://www.sciencesource.com/CS.aspx?RH=867&RW=1593&SMLS=1&VBID=2OPESQI1IIRR7&VP3=SearchResult"><span style="color: #1c9bc7; font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;">Stock Image Gallery of Rising Sea Levels</span></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;">Researchers have calculated that arctic sea ice has declined by 10% in the last 10 years. In addition to rising sea levels, this has altered the circulation of the Atlantic Ocean, destroying fisheries in northern countries and creating massive storms and hurricanes.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;">Coastlines around the world remain susceptible to flooding. Some at-risk coasts include the Miami shore, Rio de Janeiro, Osaka and Shanghai. The Egyptian city, Alexandria, faces a particular threat as much of its population exists in low lying coastal areas, which will likely be inundated within the next decade.</span></div>
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<a href="http://prints.sciencesource.com/collections/science+best+sellers" id="yui_3_17_2_1_1572636578880_112" style="color: #1c9bc7; text-decoration-line: none;"><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;"><img alt="Science phone cases, mugs and more" class="thumb-image loaded" data-image-dimensions="221x400" data-image-focal-point="0.5,0.5" data-image-id="5daf25c7cfa0943ced8b86c2" data-image-resolution="500w" data-image="https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/53a9e846e4b0e253a509f7ef/1571759559205-BYSG5R5LY0BIP7ETJXWO/ke17ZwdGBToddI8pDm48kPxybwGEZ8ec-tzdxCx0zwhZw-zPPgdn4jUwVcJE1ZvWhcwhEtWJXoshNdA9f1qD7Xj1nVWs2aaTtWBneO2WM-v6_ABR7rYaswkzduztdlczrQ2ah16bZ89NrdmqSv24Dw/2-streptococcus-pyogenes-bacteria-sem-science-source.jpg" data-load="false" data-src="https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/53a9e846e4b0e253a509f7ef/1571759559205-BYSG5R5LY0BIP7ETJXWO/ke17ZwdGBToddI8pDm48kPxybwGEZ8ec-tzdxCx0zwhZw-zPPgdn4jUwVcJE1ZvWhcwhEtWJXoshNdA9f1qD7Xj1nVWs2aaTtWBneO2WM-v6_ABR7rYaswkzduztdlczrQ2ah16bZ89NrdmqSv24Dw/2-streptococcus-pyogenes-bacteria-sem-science-source.jpg" data-type="image" src="https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/53a9e846e4b0e253a509f7ef/1571759559205-BYSG5R5LY0BIP7ETJXWO/ke17ZwdGBToddI8pDm48kPxybwGEZ8ec-tzdxCx0zwhZw-zPPgdn4jUwVcJE1ZvWhcwhEtWJXoshNdA9f1qD7Xj1nVWs2aaTtWBneO2WM-v6_ABR7rYaswkzduztdlczrQ2ah16bZ89NrdmqSv24Dw/2-streptococcus-pyogenes-bacteria-sem-science-source.jpg?format=500w" style="border: 0px; display: block; height: 294.578px; left: 0px; max-width: none; opacity: 1; position: absolute; top: -0.0112954px; transition: opacity 0.3s ease-out 0s; vertical-align: middle; width: 162.75px;" /></span></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;">Our best hope for limiting the increase in sea levels is to reduce our carbon footprint. Initiatives in renewable energy and efficient power are critical components in reaching our emission goals.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;">For images of climate science and rising sea levels, click the links above. For information on how you can help deduce our carbon emissions head to the Environmental Defense Fund. (<a href="https://www.edf.org/" style="color: #1c9bc7; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration-line: none;" target="_blank">www.edf.org</a>)</span></div>
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<a href="http://prints.sciencesource.com/collections/science+best+sellers" style="color: #1c9bc7; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration-line: none;"><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;">Science prints, phone cases and more</span></a></div>
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sciencesourcebloghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01565368098320995948noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5525958634802295662.post-2493435602327012772019-09-26T15:33:00.000-04:002019-09-26T15:33:46.353-04:00Plastic is Deadly<div class="sqs-block html-block sqs-block-html" data-block-type="2" id="block-yui_3_17_2_1_1569269335648_20249" style="box-shadow: rgba(128, 128, 128, 0) 0px 0px 0px 1px inset; clear: none; color: #5d5b5b; font-family: proxima-nova; font-size: 15px; height: auto; outline: none; padding: 0px 17px 17px; position: relative; text-size-adjust: auto; transition: box-shadow 0.2s ease-in-out 0s;">
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While plastic items in our daily lives are designed for one-time use, they have a long life span, usually up to 1,000 years. </div>
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Plastic is also deadly. People consume thousands of plastic articles each year, which damage our health, especially our immune systems. Plastic particles are even in the air we breathe, floating in the remotest places from fields to mountains.</div>
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<a href="https://www.sciencesource.com/CS.aspx?RH=1251&RW=1302&SMLS=1&VBID=2OPESQISU4HNO&VP3=SearchResult" style="color: #1c9bc7; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration-line: none;"><strong style="overflow-wrap: break-word;">Stock Image of Plastic Pollution and Wildlife</strong></a></h2>
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For many animals plastic is lethal. Sea birds get caught in plastic fishing line and starve to death. Small mammals choke and die in 6-pack plastic rings. Dolphins and whales swallow plastic particles that block up their bodily systems. Sea turtles suffocate in plastic bags and floating debris prevents them from surfacing for air.</div>
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Luckily, as awareness grows, people are working to clean up plastic in the environment. New types of safe, biodegradable plastic are also coming on the market. We have a very long road ahead, but with more awareness and countries working towards a common goal, we have a more hopeful future.</div>
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plastic pollution, wildlife, animals, plastic in our lives</div>
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<a href="http://prints.sciencesource.com/collections/marine+wildlife" style="color: #1c9bc7; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration-line: none;"><strong style="overflow-wrap: break-word;">Marine Animal Custom Gifts: Framed Prints, Tote Bags, Note Books, and More…</strong></a></h2>
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sciencesourcebloghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01565368098320995948noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5525958634802295662.post-70990666750499816562019-08-06T13:41:00.000-04:002019-08-06T13:41:09.065-04:00Endangered Animals<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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Species around the world are facing extinction from threats ranging from ivory poaching to global climate change. Organizations such as the World Wildlife Fund have responded to the crisis with far-reaching conservation efforts.</h3>
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The black rhinoceros has long been a victim of poaching for the international trade in rhino horn. British colonists began hunting rhinos in Africa during the colonial era and poaching has continued to this day. Conservationists work to protect rhino populations by building conservations and training local rangers to fend off poachers, but victories are hard fought. The black rhino’s population has sunk to 2,300 in recent years.</h3>
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The polar bear has risen to public awareness due to the impact of climate change on the Arctic. Since 1979 the volume of sea ice shrunk by 80%, dramatically reducing the polar bear’s natural habitat. Experts say that the population of polar bears decreased to 20,000 to 25,000 in the last decade, classifying them a ‘vulnerable’ species. Conservationists work with businesses and governments to support green energy initiatives and help mitigate climate change. </h3>
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<a href="https://www.sciencesource.com/CS.aspx?VP3=SearchResult&VBID=2OPESQ46ZK4EG&SMLS=1&RW=1882&RH=1266" style="color: #1c9bc7; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration-line: none;" target="_blank">Endangered Species Stock Image Gallery</a></h3>
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It is worth noting that animals that enter the endangered species list do not always stay there. Famously, the American buffalo was reduced to near extinction following the American expansion into the western frontier but conservation efforts have increased their numbers gradually throughout the 20th century.</h3>
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Science mugs, prints and cellphone cases</div>
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Likewise, the giant panda faced extinction a decade ago but has recently made gains due to protected habitats in China. Another encouraging story comes from the Siberian tiger, which was reduced to double digits in the early 1900s but has since increased to about 500. </h3>
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While species around the world become endangered, conservationists continue to fight for their survival. Find out how you can help by visiting the World Wildlife Fund below. For a full gallery of endangered species follow the link and be sure to check out our storefront for great animal gifts.</h3>
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<a href="https://gifts.worldwildlife.org/gift-center/gifts/Species-Adoptions.aspx?sc=AWY1800OQ18507A01324RX&gclid=EAIaIQobChMI7LrvjPeC4wIVhJOzCh1U8A1FEAAYASAAEgJcCPD_BwE" style="color: #1c9bc7; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration-line: none;">The World Wildlife Fund</a></h2>
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wwf.org</div>
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rhinos.org</div>
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telegraph.com</div>
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<br />sciencesourcebloghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01565368098320995948noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5525958634802295662.post-75687000126466812542019-07-30T13:37:00.001-04:002022-02-25T17:36:44.075-05:00Immunotherapy: Your Immune System is Cancer's Biggest Enemy<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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There’s no doubt about it - our immune systems are powerful. We’ve all had moments where we don’t pay much attention to our immune systems because of lack of sleep or high stress and had to endure bouts of sneezing, coughing, or fever in the coming days. Some of us have taken extra steps to make sure our immune systems are as strong as possible and noticed how invincible it feels to go months without getting sick. Everyday function, brain power, and physical ability depend strongly on our body’s ability to fight off viruses and disease.</h3>
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The power that our immune system provides in determining our health can even be utilized to fight cancer. Immunotherapy is a method of cancer treatment that helps to strengthen the immune system to be able to fight cancer cells better, as well as direct the immune system towards specific cancer cells.</h3>
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<a href="https://www.sciencesource.com/Share/1qx67ijkw58h2m54vlh0265h0g566g35" style="color: #1c9bc7; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration-line: none;"><strong style="overflow-wrap: break-word;">RF and RM Images and Video of Immunotherapy</strong></a></h2>
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A large number of cells in our body aid in the immune system. White blood cells (lymphocytes) recognize foreign bodies such as viruses and fight them with antibodies, which are proteins that are sent out to bind to these foreign bodies. T cells are a specific type of white blood cell that search for, capture and destroys foreign bodies and infected cells.</h3>
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Immunotherapy works with these cell types to focus in on cancer cells and kill as many as possible. There are many different methods of immunotherapy that enhance the immune system in a variety of ways.</h3>
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Proteins called monoclonal antibodies (therapeutic antibodies) can be created in a laboratory and used for immunotherapy. These antibodies are introduced into the body to flag cancer cells so the immune system can more easily detect them.</h3>
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Checkpoint inhibitors can be put into a patient’s bloodstream to disable proteins that stop the immune system from attacking cancer cells. These proteins attach to T cells, and can activate or deactivate the immune system when needed. Because cancer cells can pose as normal cells and pass a T cell checkpoint without any activation of the immune system, checkpoint inhibitors are used to make sure that T cells will be activated to help destroy cancer cells with each encounter.</h3>
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Adoptive cell transfer is a form of therapy that can also help boost the function of T cells. In this method, T cells are taken from the body, and the cells that are most defensive are grown and multiplied in a lab and put back into the body intravenously. </h3>
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<a href="http://prints.sciencesource.com/collections/cancer+the+immune+system/framed+prints" id="yui_3_17_2_1_1561653694500_183" style="color: #1c9bc7; text-decoration-line: none;"><img alt="Immunotherapy-Prints-Graphic" class="thumb-image loaded" data-image-dimensions="1154x1078" data-image-focal-point="0.5,0.5" data-image-id="5d07e3651a388900014ceb61" data-image-resolution="300w" data-image="https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/53a9e846e4b0e253a509f7ef/1560798053727-PYKP2WGSTU1MIJ4CRUW4/ke17ZwdGBToddI8pDm48kHJQXeDEcAFU3o2HQhNcyw97gQa3H78H3Y0txjaiv_0fDoOvxcdMmMKkDsyUqMSsMWxHk725yiiHCCLfrh8O1z5QHyNOqBUUEtDDsRWrJLTm93UlpiSUYWFGgynl6ksOAe5p3Ml4uE-W7agR8x2ZagRIL1xmskS9U_tBMQ5h7D_P/Immunotherapy-Prints-Graphic" data-load="false" data-src="https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/53a9e846e4b0e253a509f7ef/1560798053727-PYKP2WGSTU1MIJ4CRUW4/ke17ZwdGBToddI8pDm48kHJQXeDEcAFU3o2HQhNcyw97gQa3H78H3Y0txjaiv_0fDoOvxcdMmMKkDsyUqMSsMWxHk725yiiHCCLfrh8O1z5QHyNOqBUUEtDDsRWrJLTm93UlpiSUYWFGgynl6ksOAe5p3Ml4uE-W7agR8x2ZagRIL1xmskS9U_tBMQ5h7D_P/Immunotherapy-Prints-Graphic" data-type="image" src="https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/53a9e846e4b0e253a509f7ef/1560798053727-PYKP2WGSTU1MIJ4CRUW4/ke17ZwdGBToddI8pDm48kHJQXeDEcAFU3o2HQhNcyw97gQa3H78H3Y0txjaiv_0fDoOvxcdMmMKkDsyUqMSsMWxHk725yiiHCCLfrh8O1z5QHyNOqBUUEtDDsRWrJLTm93UlpiSUYWFGgynl6ksOAe5p3Ml4uE-W7agR8x2ZagRIL1xmskS9U_tBMQ5h7D_P/Immunotherapy-Prints-Graphic?format=300w" style="border: 0px; display: block; left: 0px; max-width: none; opacity: 1; position: absolute; top: 0px; transition: opacity 0.3s ease-out 0s; vertical-align: middle; width: 298.5px;" /></a></div>
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<a href="http://prints.sciencesource.com/collections/cancer+the+immune+system/canvas+prints" style="color: #1c9bc7; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration-line: none;"><strong style="overflow-wrap: break-word;">Prints of Cancer and the Immune System</strong></a></h2>
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Through the technology that scientists now have available in labs, immunotherapy provides another option for cancer treatment which can give many patients more hope. Although this type of therapy has its own side effects, and sometimes has the potential to damage the body, it has been known to successfully treat some cancers when radiation or chemotherapy failed, and can also enhance the effectiveness of other methods of treatment when used in combination. </h3>
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Overall, it has the potential to provide hope to many of millions of people around the world affected by cancer.</h3>
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livescience.com</div>
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cancer.gov</div>
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immunology.org</div>
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pacificimmunology.com</div>
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tcells.org</div>
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</ul>
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<br />sciencesourcebloghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01565368098320995948noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5525958634802295662.post-3747450669474308792019-07-23T13:30:00.000-04:002019-07-23T13:30:00.868-04:00Origins of Modern Chemistry<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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How did we get from discovering fire to using nanotubes in labs?</h3>
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The concept of atoms was first conceived in ancient Greece by a group of philosophers known as the atomists. In 330 BC, Aristotle opposed this theory. He was a proponent of the elemental theory, positing that all matter was composed of the elements earth, fire, water, and air. He even added an element, aether (or ether). </h3>
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The elemental theory continued into the middle ages through the study of alchemy. Alchemists added sulfur, salt, and mercury to the list. </h3>
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Finally, in 1661, Robert Boyle published the book "The Sceptical Chymist", presenting his hypothesis of particles in motion and asserting that only experiments using the "scientific method" could be considered true.</h3>
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Another milestone in chemistry was the discovery of electrochemistry. Alessandro Volta invented the first battery in 1800, using piles of copper and zinc discs. They were separated by cloth soaked in brine. When wires were attached to the top and bottom, electricity flowed through the wires. </h3>
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Antoine-Laurent de Lavoisier established the Law of the Conservation of Mass, also called "Lavoisier's Law", in 1789. His book "Elementary Treatise of Chemistry" is considered the first modern chemistry textbook. It contained a list of elements, or substances that could not be broken down further, including oxygen, nitrogen, hydrogen, phosphorus, mercury, zinc, and sulfur.</h3>
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Lavoisier, unfortunately, lost his head to the guillotine during the French Revolution, but not before beginning his own revolution in science and becoming the father of modern chemistry.</h3>
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<br />sciencesourcebloghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01565368098320995948noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5525958634802295662.post-4553475309263899962019-07-16T13:15:00.000-04:002019-07-16T13:15:00.922-04:00History of Flight: From Kites to Space Travel<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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There are over 100,000 airplane flights a day, with almost 10,000 planes in the air simultaneously. It's taken humanity thousands of years to get to this point, starting with the invention of the humble kite in China in 475 BC.</h3>
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The popularity of kite flying in China began people thinking about making human flight a reality. Soaring through the air untethered to the ground. Before, it has been the realm of mythology, such as Icarus, Alexander the Great, and Pegasus. </h3>
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On the way, there were many failed attempts over the centuries. At first, many inventors tried to replicate the wings of birds, even using feathers or lightweight wood. But, a human's arm muscles are not like a bird's. </h3>
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Leonardo DaVinci made over 100 drawings of his theories of flight and flying machines. None of which were built in his lifetime.</h3>
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It took until 1783, Paris, France before man reached this goal. Jean-François Pilâtre de Rozier and François Laurent d'Arlandes flew in a balloon created by the Montgolfier brothers.</h3>
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Balloon travel brought us blimps, zeppelins, and airships. Over time the hot air balloon was refined and morphed by inventors, eventually bringing us to gliders. This development brought us a big step closer to a true airplane. George Cayley designed version of a glider that use the movements of the human body to control it. </h3>
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Samuel Langley, who was the Smithsonian Institute Secretary came close to unmanned flight in 1891. He built a model called the Aerodrome, which was powered by a steam engine. It flew for 3/4 of a mile. But, when he scaled it up to fit a person, it never flew successfully. After one test flight over the Potomac River, a journalist said, " It slid into the water like a handful of mortar."</h3>
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While Langley was concentrating on propulsion, the Wright Brothers, bicycle mechanics by trade, in Kitty Hawk, NC, were focus on balance. They did their research without the help of a large institution, looking into the history of flight so far, and building models and even a wind tunnel.</h3>
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Finally, on December 17, 1903, Wilbur and Orville Wright successfully flew the first powered aircraft. Their plane flew 852 feet. In another 11 years, the first scheduled commercial flight took off, transporting people between St. Petersburg and Tampa, Florida.</h3>
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Planes become critical during WWI. The Germans used airplanes such as the Fokker Eindecker as well as Zeppelins to drop bombs on the allies.</h3>
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In 1927 Lindbergh completed the first solo nonstop flight across the Atlantic Ocean. Eventually, commercial air travel would become commonplace. </h3>
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Today gigantic cargo planes with wingspans of 290 feet can carry 640 tons.</h3>
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Humans are never satisfied, so we keep pushing flight further. First to land on the moon and who knows where we'll travel next.</h3>
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<br />sciencesourcebloghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01565368098320995948noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5525958634802295662.post-89424671153790030522019-07-09T12:43:00.000-04:002019-07-09T12:43:00.317-04:00Vaccines: How They Protect Us<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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Although vaccination has been a hot topic in recent news, the study of vaccination goes back to around 1,000 years ago. Early records of smallpox immunization, called variolation, can be dated back to 1000 CE in China.<br style="word-wrap: break-word;" /><br style="word-wrap: break-word;" />Variolation was a practice that involved taking material (usually part of a scab) from a patient that was infected with smallpox and exposing a healthy individual to this material. The doctor would often insert the infected material underneath the healthy person’s skin to achieve proper exposure. The hope was that the healthy person would get sick, their immune system would successfully fight the virus, and they would then be immune to the disease once they recovered. Not surprisingly, some patients died from an intentional infection of smallpox, but the ones that did survive were indeed immune to future infections. </h3>
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Luckily, we have since discovered a less risky method of immunization, but the general concept is similar. The body is exposed to the germs of a virus to elicit an immune response, which is a fight from the immune system to attack the organisms, kill them, and protect the body from being infected. If the body is exposed later on to the same virus in its active form, the immune system recognizes it and knows how to fight it off. But instead of using full-force, potent forms of the virus, we now use killed or weakened germs from a virus to provoke an immune response.<br style="word-wrap: break-word;" /><br style="word-wrap: break-word;" />Physicians use attenuated (weakened or altered) forms of the virus because they signal the immune system to learn how to fight the disease without hurting the body. The ‘germs’ they use in the vaccination are samples of microbes or proteins that make up the virus.<br style="word-wrap: break-word;" /><br style="word-wrap: break-word;" />Through all of the research and discoveries surrounding vaccines, we’ve been able to prevent a long list of diseases, such as cervical cancer, measles, hepatitis B, whooping cough, pneumonia, mumps, and polio.<br style="word-wrap: break-word;" /><br style="word-wrap: break-word;" />Recent outbreaks of measles have occurred in the US and Europe in insular communities where groups of people resist vaccination. The CDC confirms 880 cases of measles occurring across the US this year, the greatest number of cases reported since the disease was declared eliminated in 2000. <br style="word-wrap: break-word;" /><br style="word-wrap: break-word;" />Historically, the link between outbreaks of diseases and a concentrated lack of vaccinations holds true. Both Britain and Japan developed anti-vaccination trends in the 1970s, mostly caused by skepticism about the whooping cough (pertussis) vaccine. The World Health Organization reports that 100,000 children were infected with whooping cough in Britain and 38 died. In Japan, the number of infected individuals went from 393 cases to 13,000 cases, and the number of deaths went from 0 to 41.</h3>
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With such a long history, vaccines continue to shape the knowledge we have about our bodies, immune systems, and how easily viruses and bacteria can affect our health.</h3>
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npr.org</div>
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who.int</div>
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historyofvaccines.org</div>
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cdc.gov</div>
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<br />sciencesourcebloghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01565368098320995948noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5525958634802295662.post-58674712412727021822019-06-27T12:37:00.000-04:002019-06-27T12:37:19.329-04:00Concussions and the Future of Contact Sports<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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Injuries are the last thing one thinks of on game day but they’re an inevitable part of professional sports and they’re shaping what athletics will look like in the future. </h3>
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Concussions are one of the biggest threats to professional athletes today. Repeated concussions can lead to memory loss, personality changes, depression, and anxiety. After suffering one concussion a person is more likely to suffer a second one, and the effects become more severe. Multiple concussions can increase the risk of Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s and CTE.</h3>
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Chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) is a brain disorder that occurs after repeated head injuries. Symptoms include memory loss, impaired judgment, aggression, depression, and suicidal thoughts. In one famous case, Aaron Hernandez, a young professional football player, committed suicide in prison without knowing he had the disease.</h3>
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A number of sports have changed their rules to prevent head injuries. The NFL, for instance, has moved kickoffs from the 30-yard line to the 35-yard line to reduce the speed players reach before colliding with each other. The NFL will also now penalize a player who lowers his head to make contact with his helmet against an opponent. </h3>
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Professional boxing and MMA (mixed martial arts) have outlawed strikes to the back of the head, or ‘rabbit punches’. The weight of fighters’ gloves has also changed over the years to control the damage of punches and protect the hands. Larger boxers generally wear heavier gloves, but it is still unclear how much the weight of gloves mitigates the impact of punches.</h3>
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As rules and regulations change, the future of contact sports remains unclear. For now, anyone participating in contact sports should wear proper safety gear and maintain industry standards.</h3>
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For a full gallery of sports injuries check the link above and for great sports gifts head to our storefront below.</h3>
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<br />sciencesourcebloghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01565368098320995948noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5525958634802295662.post-58796886316443273892019-05-20T11:00:00.000-04:002019-05-20T11:00:01.550-04:00How 3D Medical Animation is Changing the Way We Learn<div class="sqs-block html-block sqs-block-html" data-block-type="2" id="block-f9d7578c4ec56e4bbebf" style="box-shadow: rgba(128, 128, 128, 0) 0px 0px 0px 1px inset; clear: none; color: #5d5b5b; font-family: proxima-nova; font-size: 15px; height: auto; outline: none; padding: 0px 17px 17px; position: relative; text-size-adjust: auto; transition: box-shadow 0.2s ease-in-out 0s;">
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Many of us remember taking biology and anatomy courses in high school or college. We would peer into our textbooks and try to soak in the labels attached to an illustration of an animal cell. Some of us were lucky enough to crowd around a model of a skeleton at the front of the class and watch the instructor point out important anatomical landmarks.</h3>
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Those of us who were able to observe a physical model of a biological structure may have noticed that it was much easier to retain information if we could see a 360-degree view of the object. If we could hold it in our hands, turn it around to look at the front and back, and maybe take different pieces of the model apart, we were able to interact with the structure enough to feel more familiar with how it looked and what the nomenclature was. </h3>
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<a href="https://www.sciencesource.com/CS.aspx?VP3=SearchResult&VBID=2OPESQRQ0PKTH&SMLS=1&RW=1968&RH=1047" style="color: #1c9bc7; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration-line: none;"><strong style="overflow-wrap: break-word;">RF and RM Videos of 3D Medical Animations</strong></a></h2>
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Unfortunately, it is nearly impossible for a classroom to have physical models of every scientific topic that needs to be learned. However, the birth of 3D animation has made it possible for us to watch countless structures move, be taken apart, and rotate 360-degrees. </h3>
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3D animations are composed of 3D models, which in the most basic terms are digital sculptures, that are manipulated and moved around throughout the course of the video. Surprisingly, the process used to make 3D models is just as mathematical as it is design-oriented. An artist is essentially creating instructions for a computer to follow in order to create the model, thus equations and geometry are taken into account to ensure that the computer is able to process the object without experiencing glitches.</h3>
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Because these models are crafted to represent 3D objects or a 3D terrain, they open up the doors to a digital world that mimics the physical world we live in. 3D medical animation can exhibit clinically accurate surgeries, obscure biological processes, and isolated molecules or anatomical parts.</h3>
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Instead of staring at a book and reading complicated descriptions about how our bodies work, viewers with access to computers can now watch different parts of the brain light up in glowing colors in order to learn the nomenclature, or observe the motion of glucose molecules as they interact with other structures to pass through a cell membrane. </h3>
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Studies show that if viewers can be presented with learning material that connects with their creative side, the lesson will not only grab more of the audience’s attention, but will allow the audience to retain the information better because they are having fun watching the video as more active participants.</h3>
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Businesses surrounding 3D animation have been responding in parallel to these communication benefits. The Market Research Gazette reports that the market has been projected to grow by 20.8% from 2016 to 2021.</h3>
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As medical animation becomes more popular and receives more funding, animations will become more accessible to more learners worldwide, which will create a brighter future for our students and our healthcare.</h3>
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<a href="http://prints.sciencesource.com/collections/gifts+for+biologists/spiral+notebooks" style="color: #1c9bc7; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration-line: none;"><strong style="overflow-wrap: break-word;">Biology-themed Notebooks, Tote Bags, Coffee Mugs, and More</strong></a></h2>
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amarketresearchgazette.com</div>
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baltimorepostexaminer.com</div>
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cgspectrum.edu.au</div>
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sculpteo.com</div>
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TemJournalAugust2018_670_677</div>
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sciencesourcebloghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01565368098320995948noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5525958634802295662.post-50920417583336794292019-05-16T12:36:00.000-04:002019-05-16T12:36:03.519-04:00NASA and the Space Age<div class="sqs-block html-block sqs-block-html" data-block-type="2" id="block-d153818d856fa51a35fa" style="box-shadow: rgba(128, 128, 128, 0) 0px 0px 0px 1px inset; clear: none; height: auto; outline: none; padding: 0px 17px 17px; position: relative; transition: box-shadow 0.2s ease-in-out;">
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In 1957, an amazing spectacle appeared in the North American night sky – Sputnik, the first satellite to enter Earth’s orbit. The USSR had successfully sent a rocket into outer space, thus beginning the space race, an event which would last a decade and challenge the best and brightest of two nations.</h3>
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In response to Sputnik, President Dwight D. Eisenhower created NASA, the first American administration for space exploration in 1958. With Project Mercury, NASA attempted to make the first manned mission into space but failed to beat the Russians, who sent Yuri Gagarin into orbit in 1961. A month later Alan Shepard became the first American in space and John Glenn followed soon after, orbiting the Earth three times in 1962.</h3>
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<a href="https://www.sciencesource.com/CS.aspx?VP3=SearchResult&VBID=2OPESQRHJC9IE&SMLS=1&RW=1797&RH=1028" style="color: #1c9bc7; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration-line: none;" target="_blank">Gallery of NASA Stock Images and Videos</a></h2>
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In the Sixties, NASA entered a new era. With the cold war raging and the threat of nuclear armament on the horizon, President John F Kennedy vowed to redouble NASA’s efforts and put an American on the moon by the end of the decade. In 1965, NASA began the Spacelab project, sending the first space station into Earth’s orbit. Despite sustaining damage during take off, the station was repaired in space and orbited the Earth until 1979. </h3>
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The success of Spacelab led to NASA’s famous Apollo missions to the moon. After many failed attempts, Apollo 8 became the first shuttle to circle the moon in 1968. The following year, the USSR accomplished its first moon tour, leaving the space race at a stalemate.</h3>
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<a href="http://prints.sciencesource.com/collections/space+exploration" id="yui_3_17_2_1_1557765297259_142" style="color: #1c9bc7; text-decoration-line: none;" target="_blank"><div class="image-block-wrapper has-aspect-ratio" data-description="<p>Astronomy phone cases, tote-bags and more!</p>" id="yui_3_17_2_1_1557765297259_141" style="line-height: 0; overflow: hidden; padding-bottom: 324.9375px; position: relative; text-align: center;">
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Astronomy phone cases, tote-bags and more!</div>
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With the cold war raging in the east, astronauts Buzz Aldrin and Neil Armstrong of Apollo 11 successfully landed on the moon in 1969. The mission effectively ended the space race and cemented America’s place as the world leader in space exploration. Buzz Aldrin and Neil Armstrong became national heroes and were awarded the Presidential Metal of Freedom later that year.</h3>
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Since then, NASA has continued its exploration of space sending probes to every planet in our solar system, including the dwarf planet, Pluto. It also landed four rovers on Mars, the last of which, Curiosity, is still collecting data from its craters today.</h3>
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The recent image of a black hole in the M87 galaxy is more proof of human potential in space exploration. For the Space Age to advance, we must continue NASA’s legacy into the future. For more astronomy images check out the gallery above, and for unique astronomy gifts check out our store front below.</h3>
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nasa.com</div>
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nytimes</div>
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sciencesourcebloghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01565368098320995948noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5525958634802295662.post-74222189720901982782019-05-13T12:34:00.000-04:002019-05-13T12:34:17.631-04:00Don't Sweat It: How Mosquitos Find Us<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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Scientists recently came one step closer to figuring out how to stop mosquitoes from biting us.</h3>
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Mosquitos have plagued humans and other warm-blooded mammals for eons. Aside from ruining an otherwise beautiful summer evening with their itchy bites, they transmit some of the worst diseases known to man. Malaria, zika, yellow fever, dengue, West Nile Virus, encephalitis, and chikungunya are some of the deadliest.</h3>
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Many of these have no cure and may cause congenital disabilities or death.</h3>
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In the United States West Nile virus, eastern equine encephalitis, western equine encephalitis, St. Louis encephalitis, La Crosse encephalitis, dengue, and yellow fever are all transmitted by mosquitoes.</h3>
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The good news is that scientists continue to discover precisely how mosquitoes find us? It will help us figure out how to stop them from biting us.</h3>
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The recent finding confirms that it is the acids in our sweat that attract them. Genetically altered mosquitoes that couldn't sense these acids were not drawn to us.</h3>
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For now, the best method is still to use repellent with DEET (N,N-diethyl-meta-toluamide) or another chemical that masks the smell of our sweat.</h3>
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The future is looking brighter than ever for us to prevent mosquito bites and thereby eradicate many diseases.</h3>
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